RNAs have been detected on the outer surface of mammalian cells, including some with glycan modifications known as glycoRNAs; however, the biological function of these surface molecules is unclear. Research now published in Cell shows that on neutrophils these RNAs are required for efficient recruitment, adhesion and transendothelial migration at inflammatory sites in mice. Using extracellular RNase A treatment, the authors eliminated the cell surface RNAs from mouse neutrophils and found that glycoRNAs regulate the initial capture and rolling of neutrophils on the vascular wall via an interaction with endothelial P-selectin. By co-culturing cells with different labels, they show that these RNAs are produced and transported to the cell surface in an autonomous manner. In gene knockdown experiments, the SIDT family of transporters was shown to be required for the presence of the glycoRNAs in the cells and for their functions, such as neutrophil recruitment in vivo. This research could lead to further investigation of the biogenesis of cell surface RNAs in other cell types, and how their regulation can affect physiology and disease.

Original reference: Cell https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2023.12.033 (2024)

已在哺乳动物细胞的外表面检测到 RNA，其中包括一些带有聚糖修饰的 RNA，称为糖 RNA；然而，这些表面分子的生物学功能尚不清楚。现在发表在《Cell》上的研究表明，在中性粒细胞上，这些 RNA 是小鼠炎症部位有效募集、粘附和跨内皮迁移所必需的。使用细胞外 RNase A 处理，作者消除了小鼠中性粒细胞的细胞表面 RNA，并发现糖 RNA 通过与内皮 P-选择素的相互作用来调节中性粒细胞在血管壁上的初始捕获和滚动。通过共培养具有不同标记的细胞，他们表明这些 RNA 是以自主方式产生并运输到细胞表面的。在基因敲除实验中，SIDT 转运蛋白家族被证明是细胞中糖 RNA 的存在及其功能所必需的，例如体内中性粒细胞的募集。这项研究可能会导致进一步研究其他细胞类型中细胞表面 RNA 的生物发生，以及它们的调节如何影响生理和疾病。

原文参考： Cell https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2023.12.033 (2024)