The COVID-19 pandemic has posed an unprecedented challenge to healthcare systems globally. Personal protective equipment has played a fundamental role in protecting healthcare workers and patients, but its effectiveness in reducing hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) during the pandemic remains a subject of debate. To conduct a synthesis and meta-analysis of the best available evidence of the prevalence of HAIs using a before/after approach. A three-step search strategy was undertaken to locate published and unpublished studies. A search was performed in MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar. Screening of studies, data extraction and critical appraisal were performed by four independent reviewers. Meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager. The review is reported in accordance with PRISMA and JBI guidelines for systematic reviews. Fifteen studies were included in the review. Three studies indicated a statistically significant increase in the number of positive cultures during the COVID-19 period compared to the pre-COVID-19 period. Pooled data showed a non-significant decrease in the number of patients with positive cultures in the COVID-19 period compared to pre-COVID-19. There were no significant differences in various bacterial infections except for a significant decrease in respiratory infections. Pooled data for central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) indicated a significant increase during the COVID-19 period, but one study reported an increase in CLABSI incidence. The evidence from this review demonstrates a mixed impact of the COVID-19 pandemic precautions on HAIs.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19期间感染预防和控制措施（包括个人防护装备）对急症护理医院医院获得性感染流行率的影响：系统评价和荟萃分析

COVID-19 大流行给全球医疗保健系统带来了前所未有的挑战。个人防护装备在保护医护人员和患者方面发挥了重要作用，但其在大流行期间减少医院获得性感染 (HAI) 的有效性仍然存在争议。使用前后方法对 HAI 患病率的最佳现有证据进行综合和荟萃分析。采用三步检索策略来查找已发表和未发表的研究。在 MEDLINE、CINAHL、Embase、PsycINFO 和 Google Scholar 中进行了搜索。研究筛选、数据提取和批判性评估由四位独立评审员进行。使用 Review Manager 进行荟萃分析。审查报告是根据 PRISMA 和 JBI 系统审查指南进行的。审查中纳入了十五项研究。三项研究表明，与 COVID-19 之前的时期相比，COVID-19 期间阳性培养物的数量在统计上显着增加。汇总数据显示，与 COVID-19 之前相比，COVID-19 期间培养结果呈阳性的患者数量没有显着减少。除了呼吸道感染显着减少外，各种细菌感染没有显着差异。中心静脉导管相关血流感染 (CLABSI) 的汇总数据表明，在 COVID-19 期间，CLABSI 发病率显着增加，但一项研究报告，CLABSI 发病率有所增加。本次审查的证据表明，COVID-19 大流行预防措施对 HAI 产生了复杂的影响。