Climate hazards pose increasing threats to development outcomes across the world’s coastal regions by impacting infrastructure service delivery. Using a high-resolution dataset of 8.2 million households in Bangladesh’s coastal zone, we assess the extent to which infrastructure service disruptions induced by flood, cyclone and erosion hazards can thwart progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Results show that climate hazards potentially threaten infrastructure service access to all households, with the poorest being disproportionately threatened in 69% of coastal subdistricts. Targeting adaptation to these climatic threats in one-third (33%) of the most vulnerable areas could help to safeguard 50–85% of achieved progress towards SDG 3, 4, 7, 8 and 13 indicators. These findings illustrate the potential of geospatial climate risk analyses, which incorporate direct household exposure and essential service access. Such high-resolution analyses are becoming feasible even in data-scarce parts of the world, helping decision-makers target and prioritize pro-poor development.

气候灾害影响基础设施服务的提供，对世界沿海地区的发展成果构成越来越大的威胁。我们利用孟加拉国沿海地区 820 万户家庭的高分辨率数据集，评估了洪水、飓风和侵蚀灾害造成的基础设施服务中断在多大程度上阻碍了可持续发展目标 (SDG) 的进展。结果显示，气候灾害可能威胁到所有家庭获得基础设施服务的机会，其中 69% 的沿海分区中最贫困人口受到的威胁尤为严重。针对三分之一 (33%) 最脆弱地区的气候威胁适应措施，有助于保障实现可持续发展目标 3、4、7、8 和 13 指标所取得进展的 50-85%。这些发现说明了地理空间气候风险分析的潜力，其中包括家庭直接暴露和基本服务获取。即使在世界上数据稀缺的地区，这种高分辨率的分析也变得可行，帮助决策者确定扶贫发展的目标和优先顺序。