Woodlands can reduce downstream flooding, but it is not well known how the extent and distribution of woodland affects reductions in peak flow. We used the spatially distributed TOPMODEL to simulate peak flow during a 1 in 50 year storm event for a range of broadleaf woodland scenarios across a 2.6 km2 catchment in Northern England. Woodland reduced peak flow by 2.6%–15.3% depending on the extent and spatial distribution of woodland cover. Cross slope and riparian woodland resulted in larger reductions in peak flow, 4.9% and 3.3% for a 10‐percentage point increase in woodland cover respectively, compared to a 2.7% reduction for woodland randomly located across the catchment. Our results demonstrate that increased woodland cover can reduce peak flows during a large storm event and suggest that targeted placement of woodland can maximise the effectiveness of natural flood management interventions.

中文翻译：

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使用空间分布的 TOPMODEL 研究林地布局和覆盖百分比对高地流域洪峰的影响

林地可以减少下游洪水，但林地的范围和分布如何影响洪峰流量的减少尚不清楚。我们使用空间分布的 TOPMODEL 来模拟 2.6 公里范围内一系列阔叶林地场景中 50 年一遇的风暴事件期间的峰值流量2英格兰北部的集水区。林地使峰值流量减少了 2.6%–15.3%，具体取决于林地覆盖的范围和空间分布。横向坡度和河岸林地导致峰值流量大幅减少，林地覆盖率增加 10 个百分点，分别减少 4.9% 和 3.3%，而流域内随机分布的林地则减少 2.7%。我们的结果表明，增加林地覆盖可以减少大型风暴事件期间的峰值流量，并表明有针对性的林地布局可以最大限度地提高自然洪水管理干预措施的有效性。