ObjectiveHigh BMI, which poorly represents specific fat depots, is linked to poorer cognition and higher dementia risk, with different associations between sexes. This study examined associations of abdominal fat depots with cognition and brain volumes and whether sex modifies this association.MethodsA total of 204 healthy middle‐aged offspring of Alzheimer's dementia patients (mean age = 59.44, 60% females) underwent abdominal magnetic resonance imaging to quantify hepatic, pancreatic, visceral, and subcutaneous adipose tissue and to assess cognition and brain volumes.ResultsIn the whole sample, higher hepatic fat percentage was associated with lower total gray matter volume (β = −0.17, p < 0.01). Primarily in males, higher pancreatic fat percentage was associated with lower global cognition (males: β = −0.27, p = 0.03; females: β = 0.01, p = 0.93) executive function (males: β = −0.27, p = 0.03; females: β = 0.02, p = 0.87), episodic memory (males: β = −0.28, p = 0.03; females: β = 0.07, p = 0.48), and inferior frontal gyrus volume (males: β = −0.28, p = 0.02; females: β = 0.10, p = 0.33). Visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue was inversely associated with middle frontal and superior frontal gyrus volumes in males and females.ConclusionsIn middle‐aged males at high Alzheimer's dementia risk, but not in females, higher pancreatic fat was associated with lower cognition and brain volumes. These findings suggest a potential sex‐specific link between distinct abdominal fat with brain health.

中文翻译：

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腹部脂肪库与阿尔茨海默病高风险中年男性认知功能和脑容量较低有关


目的高体重指数不能很好地代表特定的脂肪库，它与较差的认知能力和较高的痴呆风险有关，且不同性别之间的相关性不同。这项研究检查了腹部脂肪库与认知和脑容量的关联，以及性别是否会改变这种关联。方法对总共 204 名阿尔茨海默氏痴呆患者的健康中年后代（平均年龄 = 59.44，60% 女性）进行腹部磁共振成像以量化肝脏、胰腺、内脏和皮下脂肪组织，并评估认知和脑容量。结果在整个样本中，较高的肝脏脂肪百分比与较低的总灰质体积相关（β = -0.17，p < 0.01）。主要在男性中，较高的胰腺脂肪百分比与较低的整体认知（男性：β = -0.27，p = 0.03；女性：β = 0.01，p = 0.93）执行功能（男性：β = -0.27，p = 0.03；女性：β = 0.02，p = 0.87），情景记忆（男性：β = -0.28，p = 0.03；女性：β = 0.07，p = 0.48）和额下回体积（男性：β = -0.28，p = 0.02；女性：β = 0.10，p = 0.33）。男性和女性的内脏和皮下脂肪组织与额中回和额上回体积呈负相关。结论在阿尔茨海默氏痴呆风险较高的中年男性中，较高的胰腺脂肪与较低的认知和脑容量相关，但在女性中则不然。这些发现表明，不同的腹部脂肪与大脑健康之间存在潜在的性别特异性联系。