Carrying an allele 4 of the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is the best-established genetic risk factor to develop Alzheimer's disease (AD). Fifty percent of ApoE4/4 individuals develop the disease at 70 years of age. ApoE3/4 carriers have a lower risk of developing the disease, still 50% of them suffer AD at around 80 years. In a previous study we showed that healthy young individuals, who had a parent with AD and were carriers of at least one ApoE4 allele displayed reductive stress. This was evidenced as a decrease in oxidative markers, such as oxidized glutathione, p-p38, and NADP/NADPH ratio, and an increase of antioxidant enzymes, such as glutathione peroxidase (Gpx1) and both the catalytic and regulatory subunits of glutamyl-cysteinyl (GCLM and GCLC). Moreover, we found an increase in stress-related proteins involved in tau physiopathology.

中文翻译：

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有阿尔茨海默病风险的健康个体中氧化还原相关的变化。十年跟踪研究

携带载脂蛋白 E (ApoE) 等位基因 4 是公认的阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 遗传风险因素。 50% 的 ApoE4/4 个体在 70 岁时患上这种疾病。 ApoE3/4 携带者患 AD 的风险较低，其中 50% 的人在 80 岁左右患有 AD。在之前的一项研究中，我们发现，父母患有 AD 且至少携带一个 ApoE4 等位基因的健康年轻人表现出还原应激。这被证明为氧化标记物的减少，例如氧化型谷胱甘肽、p-p38 和 NADP/NADPH 比率，以及抗氧化酶的增加，例如谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (Gpx1) 以及谷氨酰半胱氨酰的催化和调节亚基（GCLM 和 GCLC）。此外，我们发现与 tau 病理生理学相关的应激相关蛋白有所增加。