Biological samples such as blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid are a valuable source of knowledge about the patient's health condition, and their analysis, for example, allows for the identification of metabolic pathways and xenobiotic transport mechanisms. The most powerful tool used for elemental analysis of these specimens is inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Unfortunately, the complex matrix of biological samples often necessitates their special preparation before measurements, which lengthens the analysis time and increases the chances of sample contamination. Moreover, the volume of biological samples is usually limited, while their number in clinical laboratories is vast. The use of flow techniques for sample preparation and introduction into a spectrometer can alleviate many difficulties arising in ICP-MS analysis and make it more attractive, undemanding, and fast. This review aims to present and discuss selected literature examples of different flow analysis techniques coupled with ICP-MS in various biological sample analyses, with a special focus on the benefits of using such a connection.

中文翻译：

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电感耦合等离子体质谱分析生物样品中的流动技术 – 综述

血液、尿液和脑脊液等生物样本是了解患者健康状况的宝贵来源，对其进行分析可以识别代谢途径和外源物质转运机制。用于这些样品元素分析的最强大工具是电感耦合等离子体质谱 (ICP-MS)。不幸的是，生物样品的复杂基质通常需要在测量前进行特殊准备，这会延长分析时间并增加样品污染的机会。此外，生物样本的数量通常是有限的，而临床实验室中的数量却是巨大的。使用流动技术进行样品制备和引入光谱仪可以缓解 ICP-MS 分析中出现的许多困难，并使其更具吸引力、要求不高且快速。本综述旨在介绍和讨论不同流量分析技术与 ICP-MS 在各种生物样品分析中的结合的选定文献示例，特别关注使用这种连接的好处。