Over the past decade, research using virtual reality and serious game-based instruments for assessing spatial navigation and spatial memory in at-risk and AD populations has risen. We systematically reviewed the literature since 2012 to identify and evaluate the methodological quality and risk of bias in the analyses of the psychometric properties of VRSG-based instruments. The search was conducted primarily in July–December 2022 and updated in November 2023 in eight major databases. The quality of instrument development and study design were analyzed in all studies. Measurement properties were defined and analyzed according to COSMIN guidelines. A total of 1078 unique records were screened, and following selection criteria, thirty-seven studies were analyzed. From these studies, 30 instruments were identified. Construct and criterion validity were the most reported measurement properties, while structural validity and internal consistency evidence were the least reported. Nineteen studies were deemed very good in construct validity, whereas 11 studies reporting diagnostic accuracy were deemed very good in quality. Limitations regarding theoretical framework and research design requirements were found in most of the studies. VRSG-based instruments are valuable additions to the current diagnostic toolkit for AD. Further research is required to establish the psychometric performance and clinical utility of VRSG-based instruments, particularly the instrument development, content validity, and diagnostic accuracy for preclinical AD screening scenarios. This review provides a straightforward synthesis of the state of the art of VRSG-based instruments and suggests future directions for research.

在过去的十年中，使用虚拟现实和基于游戏的严肃工具来评估高危人群和 AD 人群的空间导航和空间记忆的研究有所增加。我们系统地回顾了 2012 年以来的文献，以识别和评估基于 VRSG 的工具的心理测量特性分析中的方法质量和偏倚风险。该检索主要于 2022 年 7 月至 12 月进行，并于 2023 年 11 月在八个主要数据库中进行更新。所有研究都对仪器开发和研究设计的质量进行了分析。根据 COSMIN 指南定义和分析测量属性。总共筛选了 1078 份独特记录，并根据选择标准对 37 项研究进行了分析。从这些研究中，确定了 30 种仪器。结构有效性和标准有效性是报告最多的测量属性，而结构有效性和内部一致性证据是报告最少的。 19 项研究被认为在结构效度方面非常好，而 11 项报告诊断准确性的研究在质量方面被认为非常好。大多数研究都发现理论框架和研究设计要求方面的局限性。基于 VRSG 的仪器是对当前 AD 诊断工具包的宝贵补充。需要进一步研究来确定基于 VRSG 的仪器的心理测量性能和临床实用性，特别是临床前 AD 筛查场景的仪器开发、内容有效性和诊断准确性。这篇综述对基于 VRSG 的仪器的最新技术进行了简单的综合，并提出了未来的研究方向。