In June 1887, Britons crowded the streets of London to celebrate Queen Victoria's fiftieth year on the throne. It was an opportunity to publicly revel in the social, political, economic, and imperial progress Britain had made during her historic reign. The Lord Chamberlain was tasked with organizing a formal jubilee ceremony at Westminster Abbey representative of the queen's diverse subjects. But this proved a difficult undertaking for a multinational kingdom with a vast overseas empire. Grievances over seating in Westminster Abbey, jubilee honors, and an absent royal family fostered varying degrees of solidarity and rivalry among the United Kingdom's four constituent nations. The Irish Question and imperial expansion—matters in which Victoria was personally invested—heightened four-nations sensibilities and influenced participation in the festivities. The queen's Golden Jubilee both reflected and inspired four-nations thinking, and it revealed public concerns that the British union might exist as a hierarchy of nations rather than as a collaborative venture among equal members. As the institutional embodiment of tiered society, the Crown became an outlet for subjects to explore questions and modes of belonging within the global British world. A four-nations analysis of Victoria's 1887 jubilee shows that despite its unifying function, the modern British monarchy has struggled to harmonize the United Kingdom's multinational perspectives.

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“国家和代表性的仪式”：维多利亚女王登基五十周年的四国政治

1887 年 6 月，英国人挤满伦敦街头庆祝维多利亚女王登基五十周年。这是一个公开陶醉于英国在其历史性统治期间所取得的社会、政治、经济和帝国进步的机会。宫内大臣的任务是在威斯敏斯特教堂组织代表女王不同臣民的正式周年庆典。但事实证明，这对于一个拥有庞大海外帝国的多民族王国来说是一项艰巨的任务。对威斯敏斯特教堂座位、禧年荣誉和王室缺席的不满，在英国四个组成国家之间造成了不同程度的团结和竞争。爱尔兰问题和帝国扩张——维多利亚亲自参与的事务——增强了四个国家的情感并影响了庆祝活动的参与。女王的登基五十周年既反映又激发了四个国家的思考，它揭示了公众的担忧，即英国联邦可能作为一个国家等级制度而不是作为平等成员之间的合作企业而存在。作为分层社会的制度体现，王室成为主体探索英国全球世界中的问题和归属模式的一个渠道。对 1887 年维多利亚女王登基五十周年的四个国家分析表明，尽管现代英国君主制具有统一功能，但它一直在努力协调英国的多民族观点。