Children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often experience challenges in emotion regulation (ER) and emotion dysregulation (ED) which can interfere with their adaptive functioning. This study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze the evidence on ER/ED in children and/or adolescents with ASD, examining its relationship with the following variables: internalizing and externalizing symptoms, cognitive function and social skills, and the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions addressing ER difficulties. Both electronic and manual searches were conducted to identify potential studies. Fifty-five studies were included in the meta-analysis. A statistically significant between-group difference was found, suggesting greater ER/ED challenges in the ASD group. Also, the ASD group showed more maladaptive ER strategies and fewer adaptive ER strategies compared to the non-ASD participants. Additionally, more severe ASD and poorer social skills were associated with greater ED and poorer ER skills, respectivelly. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between internalizing symptomatology and both adaptive and maladaptive ER strategies. Studies of non-pharmacological interventions showed significant improvement in both ER and ED. These results imply that assessing ER/ED in children and adolescents with ASD should be part of the evaluation process, and it should also be a focal point for intervention in this population.

中文翻译：

---

自闭症谱系障碍儿童和青少年的情绪调节和情绪失调：评估和干预研究的荟萃分析

患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童和青少年经常在情绪调节 (ER) 和情绪失调 (ED) 方面遇到挑战，这可能会干扰他们的适应性功能。本研究旨在系统回顾和荟萃分析自闭症儿童和/或青少年 ER/ED 的证据，检查其与以下变量的关系：内化和外化症状、认知功能和社交技能，以及非自闭症儿童和/或青少年 ER/ED 的有效性。解决 ER 困难的药物干预措施。进行电子和手动检索以确定潜在的研究。荟萃分析中纳入了 55 项研究。发现了统计学上显着的组间差异，表明 ASD 组的 ER/ED 挑战更大。此外，与非 ASD 参与者相比，ASD 组表现出更多的适应不良 ER 策略和更少的适应性 ER 策略。此外，更严重的自闭症谱系障碍和较差的社交技能分别与较高的 ED 和较差的 ER 技能相关。此外，内化症状与适应性和适应不良的 ER 策略之间存在显着相关性。非药物干预研究表明 ER 和 ED 均得到显着改善。这些结果意味着评估自闭症儿童和青少年的 ER/ED 应该成为评估过程的一部分，也应该成为该人群干预的重点。