Lysine lactylation (Kla), a newly discovered post-translational modification (PTM) of lysine residues, is progressively revealing its crucial role in tumor biology. A growing body of evidence supports its capacity of transcriptional regulation through histone modification and modulation of non-histone protein function. It intricately participates in a myriad of events in the tumor microenvironment (TME) by orchestrating the transitions of immune states and augmenting tumor malignancy. Its preferential modification of metabolic proteins underscores its specific regulatory influence on metabolism. This review focuses on the effect and the probable mechanisms of Kla-mediated regulation of tumor metabolism, the upstream factors that determine Kla intensity, and its potential implications for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of tumors.

中文翻译：

---

赖氨酸乳酰化在肿瘤生物学调控中的作用

赖氨酸乳酰化（Kla）是一种新发现的赖氨酸残基翻译后修饰（PTM），正在逐步揭示其在肿瘤生物学中的关键作用。越来越多的证据支持其通过组蛋白修饰和非组蛋白功能调节进行转录调节的能力。它通过协调免疫状态的转变和增强肿瘤的恶性程度，错综复杂地参与肿瘤微环境（TME）中的无数事件。它对代谢蛋白质的优先修饰强调了它对代谢的特定调节影响。本文重点讨论Kla介导的肿瘤代谢调节的作用和可能机制、决定Kla强度的上游因素及其对肿瘤临床诊断和治疗的潜在影响。