Abstract

Two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e-ORR) provides an environmentally friendly direction for the on-site production of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Central to this technology is the exploitation of efficient, economical, and safe 2e-ORR electrocatalysts. This overview starts with the fundamental chemistry of ORR to highlight the decisive role of adsorbing intermediates on the reaction pathway and activity, followed by a comprehensive survey of the tuning strategies to favor 2e-ORR on traditional precious metals. The latest achievements in designing efficient and selective precious-metal-based single-atom catalysts (SACs) and metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N_x/C) catalysts, from the aspects of material synthesis, theoretical calculations, and mass transport promotion, are systematically summarized. Brief introductions on the evaluation metrics for 2e-ORR catalysts and the primary reactor designs for cathodic H₂O₂ synthesis are also included. We conclude this review with an outlook on the challenges and direction of efforts to advance electrocatalytic 2e-ORR into realistic H₂O₂ production.

中文翻译：

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酸性介质中选择性氧电还原过氧化氢：单原子催化剂的优越性

摘要

双电子氧还原反应(2e-ORR)为现场生产过氧化氢(H ₂ O ₂ )提供了环保方向。该技术的核心是开发高效、经济且安全的 2e-ORR 电催化剂。本概述从 ORR 的基础化学开始，强调吸附中间体对反应途径和活性的决定性作用，然后全面调查有利于传统贵金属上 2e-ORR 的调整策略。从材料合成、理论计算、传质促进等方面，设计高效选择性贵金属基单原子催化剂（SAC）和金属-氮-碳（MN _x /C）催化剂的最新成果系统地总结了。还简要介绍了2e-ORR催化剂的评价指标和阴极H ₂ O ₂合成的主反应器设计。_{我们对将电催化 2e-ORR 推进到实际 H 2} O ₂生产的挑战和努力方向进行了展望，以结束本次综述。