Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease, and apart from a few rare genetic causes, its pathogenesis remains largely unclear. Recent scientific interest has been captured by the involvement of iron biochemistry and the disruption of iron homeostasis, particularly within the brain regions specifically affected in PD. The advent of Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) has enabled non-invasive quantification of brain iron in vivo by MRI, which has contributed to the understanding of iron-associated pathogenesis and has the potential for the development of iron-based biomarkers in PD. This review elucidates the biochemical underpinnings of brain iron accumulation, details advancements in iron-sensitive MRI technologies, and discusses the role of QSM as a biomarker of iron deposition in PD. Despite considerable progress, several challenges impede its clinical application after a decade of QSM studies. The initiation of multi-site research is warranted for developing robust, interpretable, and disease-specific biomarkers for monitoring PD disease progression.

中文翻译：

---

通过定量磁敏感图进行帕金森病的神经影像学

帕金森病（PD）是一种常见的神经退行性疾病，除了少数罕见的遗传原因外，其发病机制尚不清楚。最近科学界对铁生物化学的参与和铁稳态的破坏引起了人们的兴趣，特别是在帕金森病特别影响的大脑区域。定量磁敏图 (QSM) 的出现使得通过 MRI 对体内脑铁进行无创定量成为可能，这有助于了解铁相关发病机制，并具有开发 PD 中铁基生物标志物的潜力。这篇综述阐明了脑铁积累的生化基础，详细介绍了铁敏感 MRI 技术的进展，并讨论了 QSM 作为 PD 铁沉积生物标志物的作用。尽管取得了相当大的进展，但经过十年的 QSM 研究，一些挑战阻碍了其临床应用。多中心研究的启动有必要开发强大的、可解释的和疾病特异性的生物标志物来监测帕金森病的进展。