Families play a key role in establishing eating habits of children, yet whether families continue to influence eating behaviors of young adults remains an open question. It is also not clear whether associations between family variables (i.e., support and pressure) are similar for adult sons and daughters regarding eating pathology. The present cross-sectional study examined family correlates on disordered eating, body satisfaction, and drive for muscularity. The aim was to examine the associations of family support and family pressure with eating pathology, and to determine whether gender moderated the associations. Among 365 undergraduates ( = 18.9 years, 62 % Caucasian, 48 % female), neither family pressure nor family support were significantly associated with the drive for muscularity, whereas both were associated with disordered eating, and family pressure was associated with body satisfaction. Gender moderated the relationship of family pressure and body satisfaction ( = 0.03) and, unexpectedly, the relationship of family support and disordered eating ( = 0.02). Contrary to prediction, family pressure had stronger associations with body satisfaction for men (i.e., men had a more robust association (beta = −0.31, < .001) than women (beta = −0.19, = 0.004)). For women, the relationship of family support and disordered eating was not significant (beta = 0.07, = 0.452); but, was significant for men (beta = −0.25, < .001). These findings suggest that family pressure and support are associated with eating pathology among young adults, and that in some instances the associations were larger for men, thus highlighting the importance of including men in eating pathology research. Pending replication, these results suggest that family attitudes, behaviors, and support may be necessary topics to address when designing prevention programs for young adults.

中文翻译：

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家庭压力和支持对年轻人饮食行为和身体形象的影响：性别的作用

家庭在建立儿童饮食习惯方面发挥着关键作用，但家庭是否继续影响年轻人的饮食行为仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。还不清楚成年子女在饮食病理方面的家庭变量（即支持和压力）之间的关联是否相似。本横断面研究调查了家庭与饮食失调、身体满意度和肌肉驱动力的相关性。目的是检查家庭支持和家庭压力与饮食病理学的关联，并确定性别是否调节这种关联。在 365 名本科生（= 18.9 岁，62% 白人，48% 女性）中，家庭压力和家庭支持都与肌肉发达的动力无关，而两者都与饮食失调有关，家庭压力与身体满意度有关。性别调节了家庭压力和身体满意度的关系（= 0.03），并且出乎意料地调节了家庭支持和饮食失调的关系（= 0.02）。与预测相反，家庭压力与男性的身体满意度有更强的关联（即，男性的关联性（β = -0.31，< .001）比女性（β = -0.19，= 0.004）更强）。对于女性来说，家庭支持与饮食失调的关系不显着（β=0.07，=0.452）；但是，对于男性而言显着（β = -0.25，< .001）。这些发现表明，家庭压力和支持与年轻人的饮食病理学有关，并且在某些情况下，男性的这种关联更大，从而凸显了将男性纳入饮食病理学研究的重要性。这些结果有待复制，表明家庭态度、行为和支持可能是为年轻人设计预防计划时需要解决的必要主题。