Melatonin appears to be a promising supplement for obesity treatment. The antiobesity effects of melatonin on obese rodents are influenced by various factors, including the species, sex, the dosage of melatonin, treatment duration, administration via, daily treatment time, and initial body weight (IBW). Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis and machine learning study to evaluate the antiobesity effect of melatonin on obese mice or rats from 31 publications. The results showed that melatonin significantly reduced body weight, serum glucose (GLU), triglycerides (TGs), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and cholesterol (TC) levels in obese mice or rats but increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. Melatonin showed a slight positive effect on clock-related genes, although the number of studies was limited. Meta-regression analysis and machine learning indicated that the dosage of melatonin was the primary factor influencing body weight, with higher melatonin dosages leading to a stronger weight reduction effect. Together, male obese C57BL/6 mice and Sprague–Dawley rats with an IBW of 100–200 g showed better body weight reduction when supplemented with a dose of 10–30 mg/kg melatonin administered at night via injection for 5–8 weeks.

中文翻译：

---

荟萃分析和机器学习揭示了褪黑激素对肥胖啮齿动物的抗肥胖作用

褪黑激素似乎是治疗肥胖症的一种有前景的补充剂。褪黑素对肥胖啮齿动物的抗肥胖作用受多种因素影响，包括物种、性别、褪黑素剂量、治疗持续时间、给药途径、每日治疗时间和初始体重（IBW）。因此，我们进行了荟萃分析和机器学习研究，从 31 篇出版物中评估褪黑素对肥胖小鼠或大鼠的抗肥胖作用。结果表明，褪黑激素显着​​降低肥胖小鼠或大鼠的体重、血糖（GLU）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）和胆固醇（TC）水平，但增加高密度脂蛋白（HDL）水平。尽管研究数量有限，但褪黑激素对生物钟相关基因显示出轻微的积极作用。荟萃回归分析和机器学习表明，褪黑素的剂量是影响体重的主要因素，褪黑素剂量越高，减肥效果越强。总体而言，雄性肥胖 C57BL/6 小鼠和 IBW 为 100-200 g 的 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠在夜间注射 10-30 mg/kg 褪黑激素 5-8 周后，体重减轻效果更好。