Malaria, a life-threatening infectious disease caused by Plasmodium falciparum, remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. The epidemiological data for 2021 revealed a staggering toll, with 247 million reported cases and 619,000 fatalities attributed to the disease. This formidable global health challenge continues to perplex researchers seeking a comprehensive understanding of its pathogenesis. Recent investigations have unveiled the pivotal role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in this intricate landscape. These tiny, membrane-bound vesicles, secreted by diverse cells, emerge as pivotal communicators in malaria’s pathogenic orchestra. This Review delves into the multifaceted roles of EVs in malaria pathogenesis, elucidating their impact on disease progression and immune modulation. Insights into EV involvement offer potential therapeutic and diagnostic strategies. Integrating this information identifies targets to mitigate malaria’s global impact. Moreover, this Review explores the potential of EVs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in malaria. By deciphering the intricate dialogue facilitated by these vesicles, new avenues for intervention and novel strategies for disease management may emerge.

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疟疾中的细胞外囊泡：揭示致病深度

疟疾是一种由恶性疟原虫引起的危及生命的传染病，仍然是一个重大的全球健康挑战，特别是在热带和亚热带地区。2021 年的流行病学数据显示，该疾病造成的死亡人数惊人，报告病例数为 2.47 亿，死亡人数为 619,000 人。这一严峻的全球健康挑战继续困扰着寻求全面了解其发病机制的研究人员。最近的研究揭示了细胞外囊泡（EV）在这一复杂景观中的关键作用。这些微小的膜结合囊泡由不同的细胞分泌，成为疟疾致病乐团中的关键通讯者。本综述深入探讨了 EV 在疟疾发病机制中的多方面作用，阐明了它们对疾病进展和免疫调节的影响。对 EV 参与的深入了解提供了潜在的治疗和诊断策略。整合这些信息可以确定减轻疟疾全球影响的目标。此外，本综述探讨了 EV 作为疟疾诊断生物标志物和治疗靶点的潜力。通过破译这些囊泡促进的复杂对话，可能会出现新的干预途径和新的疾病管理策略。