Chronic visceral pain is one of the most common reasons for patients with gastrointestinal disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease or disorders of brain-gut interaction, to seek medical attention. It represents a substantial burden to patients and is associated with anxiety, depression, reductions in quality of life, and impaired social functioning, as well as increased direct and indirect health care costs to society. Unfortunately, the diagnosis and treatment of chronic visceral pain is difficult, in part because our understanding of the underlying pathophysiologic basis is incomplete. In this review, we highlight recent advances in peripheral pain signaling and specific physiologic and pathophysiologic preclinical mechanisms that result in the sensitization of peripheral pain pathways. We focus on preclinical mechanisms that have been translated into treatment approaches and summarize the current evidence base for directing treatment toward these mechanisms of chronic visceral pain derived from clinical trials. The effective management of chronic visceral pain remains of critical importance for the quality of life of suffers. A deeper understanding of peripheral pain mechanisms is necessary and may provide the basis for novel therapeutic interventions.

中文翻译：

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慢性内脏疼痛：新的外周机制见解和由此产生的治疗方法

慢性内脏疼痛是胃肠道疾病（例如炎症性肠病或脑肠相互作用障碍）患者就医的最常见原因之一。它给患者带来了沉重的负担，并与焦虑、抑郁、生活质量下降、社会功能受损以及社会直接和间接医疗费用增加有关。不幸的是，慢性内脏疼痛的诊断和治疗很困难，部分原因是我们对潜在病理生理学基础的理解不完整。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了外周疼痛信号传导以及导致外周疼痛通路敏化的特定生理学和病理生理学临床前机制的最新进展。我们重点关注已转化为治疗方法的临床前机制，并总结了目前临床试验中针对这些慢性内脏疼痛机制的治疗指导的证据基础。慢性内脏疼痛的有效治疗对于患者的生活质量仍然至关重要。对周围疼痛机制有更深入的了解是必要的，并且可以为新的治疗干预措施提供基础。