Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is a highly conserved pathway that plays a crucial role in the endocytosis of plasma membrane proteins in eukaryotic cells. The pathway is initiated when the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP2) and TPLATE complex (TPC) work together to recognize cargo proteins and recruit clathrin. This review provides a concise overview of the functions of each subunit of AP2 and TPC, and highlights the involvement of CME in various biological processes, such as pollen development, root development, nutrient transport, extracellular signal transduction, auxin polar transport, hyperosmotic stress, salinity stress, high ammonium stress, and disease resistance. Additionally, the review explores the regulation of CME by phytohormones, clathrin-mediated exocytosis (CMX), and AP2M phosphorylation. It also suggests potential future research directions for CME.

中文翻译：

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网格蛋白介导的内吞作用在植物发育和胁迫反应中的新作用

网格蛋白介导的内吞作用（CME）是一种高度保守的途径，在真核细胞质膜蛋白的内吞作用中发挥着至关重要的作用。当衔接蛋白复合物 2 (AP2) 和 TPLATE 复合物 (TPC) 共同识别货物蛋白并招募网格蛋白时，该途径就会启动。本综述对 AP2 和 TPC 各亚基的功能进行了简要概述，并强调了 CME 在各种生物过程中的参与，如花粉发育、根系发育、养分运输、细胞外信号转导、生长素极性运输、高渗胁迫、盐胁迫、高铵胁迫和抗病性。此外，该综述还探讨了植物激素、网格蛋白介导的胞吐作用 (CMX) 和 AP2M 磷酸化对 CME 的调节。它还提出了 CME 未来潜在的研究方向。