Mentalizing, making sense of mental states, is hypothesized to have a central role in self-organization and social learning. Findings support this notion, but the extent of the association between mentalizing and various correlates has not been meta-analyzed. Furthermore, mentalizing presumably occurs with (explicit) and without (implicit) awareness but few studies have attempted to disentangle these aspects. We conducted a meta-analysis of implicit and explicit mentalizing in relation to the domains of attachment security, personality, affect, psychopathology, and functioning. We searched for studies of adult mentalizing in PsycINFO and in related reviews. Overall, 511 studies ( = 78,733) met criteria and were analyzed using multi-level meta-analysis. Implicit ( = 0.19–0.29) and explicit ( = 0.26–0.40) mentalizing were moderately correlated with psychopathology, functioning, personality, affect, and attachment security. The correlations of implicit mentalizing were stronger with more objectively measured correlates ( = 0.02, < .001) while the correlations of explicit mentalizing were not ( = −0.07, = .21). Mentalizing is associated with better intra- and interpersonal functioning. Implicit mentalizing is more strongly associated with objectively measured correlates. These findings underscore the importance of an integrative approach considering both implicit and explicit mentalizing.

中文翻译：

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意识内和意识外的心理化：对内隐和外显心理化的元分析回顾

心智化，即理解心理状态，被认为在自组织和社会学习中发挥着核心作用。研究结果支持这一观点，但心智化与各种相关因素之间的关联程度尚未进行荟萃分析。此外，心智化可能在有（显性）意识和无（隐性）意识的情况下发生，但很少有研究试图理清这些方面。我们对依恋安全、人格、情感、精神病理学和功能等领域的内隐和外显心理化进行了荟萃分析。我们在 PsycINFO 和相关评论中检索了成人心智化的研究。总体而言，511 项研究 (= 78,733) 符合标准，并使用多层次荟萃分析进行了分析。内隐（= 0.19-0.29）和外显（= 0.26-0.40）心智化与精神病理学、功能、人格、情感和依恋安全感呈中度相关。内隐心智化的相关性更强，且相关性更客观（= 0.02，< .001），而外显心智化的相关性则不然（= -0.07，= .21）。心智化与更好的内部和人际功能相关。内隐心智化与客观测量的相关性更密切相关。这些发现强调了考虑内隐和外显心理化的综合方法的重要性。