Objectives To examine the associations between changes in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in adulthood and prostate cancer incidence and mortality. Methods In this prospective study, men who completed an occupational health profile assessment including at least two valid submaximal CRF tests, performed on a cycle ergometer, were included in the study. Data on prostate cancer incidence and mortality were derived from national registers. HRs and CIs were calculated using Cox proportional hazard regression with inverse probability treatment weights of time-varying covariates. Results During a mean follow-up time of 6.7 years (SD 4.9), 592 (1%) of the 57 652 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer, and 46 (0.08%) died with prostate cancer as the primary cause of death. An increase in absolute CRF (as % of L/min) was associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer incidence (HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.96 to 0.99) but not mortality, in the fully adjusted model. When participants were grouped as having increased (+3%), stable (±3%) or decreased (−3%) CRF, those with increased fitness also had a reduced risk of prostate cancer incidence compared with those with decreased fitness (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.49 to 0.86), in the fully adjusted model. Conclusion In this study of employed Swedish men, change in CRF was inversely associated with risk of prostate cancer incidence, but not mortality. Change in CRF appears to be important for reducing the risk of prostate cancer. Data may be obtained from a third party and are not publicly available. The data underlying the findings in this study are currently not publicly available as the original ethical approval application and the informed consent form did not include such direct, free access to the data. Data are stored by and can be requested from the HPI Health Profile Institute at support@hpi.se.

中文翻译：

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57 652 名瑞典男性的心肺健康变化与前列腺癌发病率和死亡率之间的关联

目的 研究成年期心肺健康 (CRF) 的变化与前列腺癌发病率和死亡率之间的关联。方法 在这项前瞻性研究中，完成职业健康状况评估（包括至少两次在自行车测力计上进行的有效次最大 CRF 测试）的男性被纳入研究。前列腺癌发病率和死亡率的数据来自国家登记册。 HR 和 CI 使用 Cox 比例风险回归和时变协变量的逆概率处理权重计算。结果 在平均 6.7 年 (SD 4.9) 的随访时间内，57 652 名男性中有 592 名 (1%) 被诊断患有前列腺癌，46 名 (0.08%) 人以前列腺癌为主要原因死亡。在完全调整的模型中，绝对 CRF（占 L/min 的百分比）的增加与前列腺癌发病风险降低相关（HR 0.98，95% CI 0.96 至 0.99），但与死亡率无关。当参与者被分组为 CRF 增加 (+3%)、稳定 (±3%) 或下降 (−3%) 时，与健康水平下降的参与者相比，健康水平提高的参与者前列腺癌发病风险也降低 (HR 0.65) ，95% CI 0.49 至 0.86），在完全调整的模型中。结论 在这项针对瑞典就业男性的研究中，CRF 的变化与前列腺癌发病风险呈负相关，但与死亡率无关。 CRF 的变化似乎对于降低前列腺癌的风险很重要。数据可能从第三方获得，并且不公开。本研究结果的数据目前尚未公开，因为最初的伦理批准申请和知情同意书不包括这种直接、免费的数据获取。数据由 HPI 健康档案研究所存储并可通过 support@hpi.se 向其索取。