Doxorubicin (DOX) is a clinical chemotherapeutic drug and patients usually suffer from dose-dependent cytotoxic and side effects during chemotherapy process with DOX. Therefore, developing a reliable strategy for DOX analysis in biological samples for dosage guidance during chemotherapy process is of great significance. Herein, a sensitive and selective electrochemical biosensor for DOX detection was designed based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and DNA tetrahedron (TDN) nanoprobe bifunctional glassy carbon electrode that could detect DOX in human serum and cell lysate samples. AuNPs not only could enhance electron transfer efficiency and detection sensitivity, but also could improve the biocompatibility of electrode. TDN nanoprobes were employed as specific DOX bind sites that could bind abundant DOX through intercalative characteristics to contribute to sensitive and selective detection. Under the optimal conditions, the proposed TDN nanoprobes-based DOX biosensor exhibited a wide linear range that ranged from 1.0 nM to 50 μM and a low detection limit that was 0.3 nM. Moreover, the proposed DOX biosensor displayed nice selectivity, reproducibility and stability, and was successfully applied for DOX detection in human serum and cell lysate samples. These promising results maybe pave a way for DOX dosage guidance and therapeutic efficacy optimization in clinic.

中文翻译：

---

基于 DNA 四面体纳米探针的电化学生物传感器，用于灵敏、选择性检测阿霉素

阿霉素（DOX）是一种临床化疗药物，患者在使用DOX化疗过程中通常会出现剂量依赖性的细胞毒性和副作用。因此，制定可靠的生物样本DOX分析策略，用于化疗过程中的剂量指导具有重要意义。在此，基于金纳米粒子（AuNP）和DNA四面体（TDN）纳米探针双功能玻碳电极设计了一种用于DOX检测的灵敏且选择性的电化学生物传感器，可以检测人血清和细胞裂解液样品中的DOX。 AuNPs不仅可以提高电子转移效率和检测灵敏度，还可以改善电极的生物相容性。 TDN 纳米探针被用作特定的 DOX 结合位点，可以通过插入特性结合丰富的 DOX，从而有助于灵敏和选择性检测。在最佳条件下，所提出的基于 TDN 纳米探针的 DOX 生物传感器表现出 1.0 nM 至 50 μM 的宽线性范围和 0.3 nM 的低检测限。此外，所提出的DOX生物传感器具有良好的选择性、重现性和稳定性，并成功应用于人血清和细胞裂解液样品中的DOX检测。这些有希望的结果可能为临床上 DOX 剂量指导和治疗效果优化铺平道路。