Super-resolution optical sensing is of critical importance in science and technology and has required prior information about an imaging system or obtrusive near-field probing. Additionally, coherent imaging and sensing in heavily scattering media such as biological tissue has been challenging, and practical approaches have either been restricted to measuring the field transmission of a single point source, or to where the medium is thin. We present the concept of far-subwavelength spatial sensing with relative object motion in speckle as a means to coherently sense through heavy scatter. Experimental results demonstrate the ability to distinguish nominally identical objects with nanometer-scale translation while hidden in randomly scattering media, without the need for precise or known location and with imprecise replacement. The theory and supportive illustrations presented provide the basis for super-resolution sensing and the possibility of virtually unlimited spatial resolution, including through thick, heavily scattering media with relative motion of an object in a structured field. This work provides enabling opportunities for material inspection, security, and biological sensing.

中文翻译：

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远场散斑相关性作为物体位置的函数，用于在微观上区分隐藏在随机散射介质中的物体

超分辨率光学传感在科学技术中至关重要，需要有关成像系统或引人注目的近场探测的先验信息。此外，在生物组织等严重散射介质中进行相干成像和传感一直具有挑战性，实际方法要么仅限于测量单点源的场传输，要么仅限于介质较薄的地方。我们提出了远亚波长空间传感的概念，以散斑中的相对物体运动作为通过重散射进行相干传感的手段。实验结果表明，当隐藏在随机散射介质中时，能够通过纳米级平移来区分名义上相同的物体，无需精确或已知的位置，也无需进行不精确的替换。所提出的理论和支持性插图为超分辨率传感和几乎无限空间分辨率的可能性提供了基础，包括通过厚厚的、严重散射的介质以及结构化场中物体的相对运动。这项工作为材料检测、安全和生物传感提供了有利的机会。