The NLRP3 inflammasome represents a cytoplasmic multiprotein complex with the capability to recognize a wide range of pathogen-derived, environmental, and endogenous stress-related factors. Dysregulated activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome has been implicated in the development of various inflammasome-associated disorders, highlighting its significance as a pivotal target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Nonetheless, despite its clinical importance, there is currently a lack of specific drugs available for directly targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome. Several strategies have been explored to target different facets of the NLRP3 inflammasome, with interventions aimed at directly inhibiting NLRP3 demonstrating the most promising efficacy and safety profiles. In this review, we provide a summary of direct inhibitors targeting NLRP3, elucidating their inhibitory mechanisms, clinical trial phases, and potential applications. Through this discussion, we aim to shed light on the implications of NLRP3 inhibition for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

中文翻译：

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直接NLRP3抑制剂治疗炎症性疾病的研究进展

NLRP3 炎症小体代表一种细胞质多蛋白复合物，能够识别多种病原体来源、环境和内源性应激相关因素。NLRP3 炎症小体的激活失调与各种炎症小体相关疾病的发展有关，凸显了其作为治疗炎症疾病关键靶点的重要性。尽管如此，尽管其临床重要性，目前仍缺乏可直接靶向 NLRP3 炎性体的特异性药物。已经探索了几种针对 NLRP3 炎性体不同方面的策略，旨在直接抑制 NLRP3 的干预措施显示出最有希望的功效和安全性。在这篇综述中，我们总结了针对 NLRP3 的直接抑制剂，阐明了它们的抑制机制、临床试验阶段和潜在应用。通过这次讨论，我们旨在阐明 NLRP3 抑制对治疗炎症性疾病的影响。