Background and Hypothesis There is a huge heterogeneity of magnetic resonance imaging findings in schizophrenia studies. Here, we hypothesized that brain regions identified by structural and functional imaging studies of schizophrenia could be reconciled in a common network. Study Design We systematically reviewed the case-control studies that estimated the brain morphology or resting-state local function for schizophrenia patients in the literature. Using the healthy human connectome (n = 652) and a validated technique “coordinate network mapping” to identify a common brain network affected in schizophrenia. Then, the specificity of this schizophrenia network was examined by independent data collected from 13 meta-analyses. The clinical relevance of this schizophrenia network was tested on independent data of medication, neuromodulation, and brain lesions. Study Results We identified 83 morphological and 60 functional studies comprising 7389 patients with schizophrenia and 7408 control subjects. The “coordinate network mapping” showed that the atrophy and dysfunction coordinates were functionally connected to a common network although they were spatially distant from each other. Taking all 143 studies together, we identified the schizophrenia network with hub regions in the bilateral anterior cingulate cortex, insula, temporal lobe, and subcortical structures. Based on independent data from 13 meta-analyses, we showed that these hub regions were specifically connected with regions of cortical thickness changes in schizophrenia. More importantly, this schizophrenia network was remarkably aligned with regions involving psychotic symptom remission. Conclusions Neuroimaging abnormalities in cross-sectional schizophrenia studies converged into a common brain network that provided testable targets for developing precise therapies.

中文翻译：

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精神分裂症的异质性大脑异常汇聚在与症状缓解相关的共同网络上

背景和假设精神分裂症研究中的磁共振成像结果存在巨大的异质性。在这里，我们假设通过精神分裂症的结构和功能成像研究识别的大脑区域可以在一个共同的网络中得到协调。研究设计我们系统地回顾了文献中评估精神分裂症患者大脑形态或静息态局部功能的病例对照研究。使用健康的人类连接组 (n = 652) 和经过验证的技术“协调网络映射”来识别受精神分裂症影响的常见大脑网络。然后，通过 13 项荟萃分析收集的独立数据检验了该精神分裂症网络的特异性。该精神分裂症网络的临床相关性通过药物、神经调节和脑损伤的独立数据进行了测试。研究结果 我们确定了 83 项形态学研究和 60 项功能研究，涉及 7389 名精神分裂症患者和 7408 名对照受试者。“坐标网络映射”表明，萎缩和功能障碍坐标在功能上连接到一个共同的网络，尽管它们在空间上彼此遥远。将所有 143 项研究放在一起，我们确定了精神分裂症网络的中心区域位于双侧前扣带皮层、岛叶、颞叶和皮质下结构。基于 13 项荟萃分析的独立数据，我们表明这些中心区域与精神分裂症皮质厚度变化区域有特定的相关性。更重要的是，这个精神分裂症网络与涉及精神病症状缓解的区域非常一致。结论 横断面精神分裂症研究中的神经影像异常汇聚成一个共同的大脑网络，为开发精确疗法提供了可测试的目标。