Mitochondria undergo repeated cycles of fusion and fission that regulate their size and shape by a process known as mitochondrial dynamics. Numerous studies have revealed the importance of this process in maintaining mitochondrial health and cellular homeostasis, particularly in highly metabolically active tissues such as skeletal muscle and the heart. Here, we review the literature on the relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Importantly, we emphasize divergent outcomes resulting from downregulating distinct mitochondrial dynamics proteins in various tissues. This review underscores compensatory mechanisms and adaptive pathways that offset potentially detrimental effects, resulting instead in improved metabolic health. Finally, we offer a perspective on potential therapeutic implications of modulating mitochondrial dynamics proteins for treatment of diabetes and CVD. Article Highlights

中文翻译：

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线粒体动力学、糖尿病和心血管疾病

线粒体经历重复的融合和裂变循环，通过线粒体动力学过程调节其大小和形状。大量研究揭示了这一过程在维持线粒体健康和细胞稳态方面的重要性，特别是在骨骼肌和心脏等高度代谢活跃的组织中。在此，我们回顾了有关线粒体动力学与 2 型糖尿病和心血管疾病 (CVD) 病理生理学之间关系的文献。重要的是，我们强调下调不同组织中不同线粒体动力学蛋白所导致的不同结果。这篇综述强调了补偿机制和适应性途径，可以抵消潜在的有害影响，从而改善代谢健康。最后，我们对调节线粒体动力学蛋白治疗糖尿病和心血管疾病的潜在治疗意义提出了看法。文章亮点