Emergency physicians are expected to learn and maintain a large and varied set of competencies for clinical practice. These include high acuity, low occurrence procedures that may not be encountered frequently in the clinical environment and are difficult to practice with high fidelity and frequency in a simulated environment. Mental practice is a form of a cognitive walk-through that has been shown to be an effective method for improving motor and cognitive skills, with literature in sports science and emerging evidence supporting its use in medicine. In this article, we review the literature on mental practice in sports and medicine as well as the underlying neuroscientific theories that support its use. We review best-known practices and provide a framework to design and use mental imagery scripts to augment learning and maintaining the competencies necessary for physicians at all levels of training and clinical environments in the practice of emergency medicine.

急诊医生需要学习并保持大量不同的临床实践能力。这些包括高敏锐度、低发生率的程序，这些程序在临床环境中可能不会经常遇到，并且难以在模拟环境中以高保真度和频率进行实践。心理练习是认知演练的一种形式，已被证明是提高运动和认知技能的有效方法，运动科学文献和新证据支持其在医学中的应用。在本文中，我们回顾了运动和医学中心理实践的文献以及支持其使用的基础神经科学理论。我们回顾了最著名的实践，并提供了一个框架来设计和使用心理意象脚本，以增强学习和维持急诊医学实践中各级培训和临床环境中医生所需的能力。