Objective To identify, quantify and analyse determinants of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms among female student-athletes. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources Five online databases (PubMed, CINAHL, PsychInfo, SportDiscus and Web of Science) searched from inception through 14 September 2023. Hand-searches and contacting authors for eligible studies. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Articles were included if they were published in English, included female student-athletes competing at National Collegiate Athletic Association institutions, and measured symptom-level depression, anxiety and/or stress. Results and summary We screened 2415 articles; 52 studies (N=13 849) were included in the systematic review with 13 studies qualifying for meta-analysis. Seventeen determinants were identified including injury (eg, concussions), health (eg, sleep hygiene) and social factors (eg, social support). As data specific to female student-athletes was delineated from studies that included other populations, we observed 16 studies (30.7%) reported that identifying as female was a meaningful determinant of depression, anxiety and stress in athletes. Results of the meta-analysis ( k =13, N=5004) suggested a small but significant association ( r =0.15, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.24, p=0.004) between other determinants and depression, anxiety, and stress among female student-athletes. Conclusion Coaches, trainers and clinicians are key contributors in supporting female student-athlete mental health, with responsibilities for integrating mental skill training, sleep hygiene education and regular assessments. Comprehensive mental health and tailored education programmes considering determinants such as injury, health and social factors specific to female student-athletes are needed to enhance mental health equity in sport. PROSPERO registration number CRD42022362163. All data relevant to the study are included in the article or uploaded as supplementary information.

中文翻译：

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女学生运动员的抑郁、焦虑和压力：系统评价和荟萃分析


目的 识别、量化和分析女学生运动员抑郁、焦虑和压力症状的决定因素。设计系统回顾和荟萃分析。数据来源 五个在线数据库（PubMed、CINAHL、PsychInfo、SportDiscus 和 Web of Science）从成立之初到 2023 年 9 月 14 日进行了检索。手动检索并联系作者以获取符合条件的研究。选择研究的资格标准如果文章以英文发表，则包括在国家大学体育协会机构中参加比赛的女学生运动员，并测量抑郁、焦虑和/或压力的症状水平。结果与总结 我们筛选了 2415 篇文章；系统评价纳入 52 项研究 (N=13 849)，其中 13 项研究符合荟萃分析资格。确定了十七个决定因素，包括伤害（例如脑震荡）、健康（例如睡眠卫生）和社会因素（例如社会支持）。由于女学生运动员的具体数据是从包括其他人群的研究中得出的，我们观察到 16 项研究 (30.7%) 报告称，女性身份是运动员抑郁、焦虑和压力的一个有意义的决定因素。荟萃分析结果（k = 13，N = 5004）表明其他决定因素与女学生抑郁、焦虑和压力之间存在微小但显着的关联（r = 0.15，95% CI 0.05 至 0.24，p = 0.004） -运动员。结论 教练员、训练员和临床医生是支持女学生运动员心理健康的关键贡献者，有责任整合心理技能训练、睡眠卫生教育和定期评估。 需要考虑女学生运动员特有的伤害、健康和社会因素等决定因素，制定全面的心理健康和量身定制的教育计划，以增强体育运动中的心理健康公平性。 PROSPERO 注册号 CRD42022362163。与研究相关的所有数据都包含在文章中或作为补充信息上传。