Soil organic matter (SOM) is critical for the sustainable development of intense agroecosystems such as orchard production systems. Nevertheless, the status and drivers of SOM are indecipherable in different orchard systems due to the perennial anthropogenic influences and complex multicollinearity of soil properties. Thus, the present work aimed to address these issues using indicator transformation, data dimension reduction, and geostatistical method. We selected two orchard systems (open field and plastic shed) with similar mean SOM contents (approximately 15 g kg⁻¹). Our results revealed that the average stratification ratio of SOM was significantly greater in open field orchards (2.20 ± 0.93) than in plastic shed orchards (1.75 ± 0.71) (p < 0.05). Likewise, the SOC/clay ratio in open field orchard soils (0.096 ± 0.051) was significantly higher than that in plastic shed orchards (0.088 ± 0.025) (p < 0.01). The variance analysis of these two indicators suggested a greater soil fertility in open field orchards than plastic shed. The main drivers of SOM in different orchard systems were different. In open field orchards, the terrain (q=0.36), soil ion processes (q=0.34), and soil types (q=0.31) were the dominant factors of affecting spatial variability of SOM, while the soil texture (q=0.44), soil types (q=0.32) and terrain (0.30) mainly explained the spatial heterogeneity of the SOM in plastic shed orchards. Outputs of this research provide a guidance for training the farmers to improve orchard SOM, as well as a reference for investigators to further explore the SOM influencing factors.

土壤有机质（SOM）对于果园生产系统等密集农业生态系统的可持续发展至关重要。然而，由于常年的人为影响和土壤性质复杂的多重共线性，不同果园系统中SOM的状况和驱动因素难以解读。因此，目前的工作旨在利用指标转换、数据降维和地统计方法来解决这些问题。^{我们选择了两个具有相似平均 SOM 含量（约 15 g kg -1 ）}的果园系统（露地和塑料大棚）。我们的结果显示，露地果园的 SOM 平均分层率 (2.20 ± 0.93) 显着高于塑料大棚果园 (1.75 ± 0.71) ( p  < 0.05)。同样，露地果园土壤的 SOC/粘土比率 (0.096 ± 0.051) 显着高于塑料大棚果园 (0.088 ± 0.025) ( p < 0.01)。这两个指标的方差分析表明，露地果园的土壤肥力高于塑料大棚。不同果园系统SOM的主要驱动因素不同。在露地果园中，地形（q=0.36）、土壤离子过程（q=0.34）和土壤类型（q=0.31）是影响SOM空间变异的主导因素，而土壤质地（q=0.44）是影响SOM空间变异的主导因素。 、土壤类型（q=0.32）和地形（0.30）主要解释了大棚果园土壤有机质的空间异质性。本研究的成果为培训农民提高果园SOM提供了指导，也为研究者进一步探讨SOM影响因素提供了参考。