Enhanced cooperation increases the capacity for humans to engage in large-scale warfare. This ability provides the foundation for male coalitionary behavior, leaving open the question of whether cooperation evolved in the same way, or for the same purpose, in females. Such coalitionary behavior entrains hierarchical forms of leadership that remain inherently unstable, providing a spark for conflict to emerge.

中文翻译：

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加强合作提高应对冲突的能力

加强合作提高了人类参与大规模战争的能力。这种能力为男性的联盟行为提供了基础，但也留下了一个问题：女性的合作是否以同样的方式或为了同样的目的而进化。这种联盟行为带来了领导层的等级形式，而这种领导形式本质上仍然不稳定，为冲突的出现提供了火花。