Tissue regulatory T cells (Tregs) exert pivotal functions in both immune and metabolic regulation, maintaining local tissue homeostasis, integrity, and function. Accordingly, Tregs play a crucial role in controlling obesity-induced inflammation and supporting efficient muscle function and repair. Depending on the tissue context, Tregs are characterized by unique transcriptomes, growth, and survival factors and T cell receptor (TCR) repertoires. This functional specialization offers the potential to selectively target context-specific Treg populations, tailoring therapeutic strategies to specific niches, thereby minimizing potential side effects. Here, we discuss challenges and perspectives for niche-specific Treg targeting, which holds promise for highly efficient and precise medical interventions to combat metabolic disease.

中文翻译：

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调节性 T 细胞对组织功能的利基特异性控制——针对代谢疾病的当前挑战和前景

组织调节性 T 细胞 (Treg) 在免疫和代谢调节中发挥关键功能，维持局部组织稳态、完整性和功能。因此，Tregs 在控制肥胖引起的炎症和支持有效的肌肉功能和修复方面发挥着至关重要的作用。根据组织背景，Treg 具有独特的转录组、生长和生存因子以及 T 细胞受体 (TCR) 库。这种功能专业化提供了选择性地针对特定环境的 Treg 群体的潜力，针对特定的利基定制治疗策略，从而最大限度地减少潜在的副作用。在这里，我们讨论利基特异性 Treg 靶向的挑战和前景，这有望实现高效、精确的医疗干预来对抗代谢疾病。