Impact of agricultural activities on the occurrence of N-nitrosamines in an aquatic environment,Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts

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Impact of agricultural activities on the occurrence of N-nitrosamines in an aquatic environment
Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts ( IF 5.5 ) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 , DOI: 10.1039/d3em00441d
Yingjie Chen _{1,

2} , Huanfang Huang ₃ , Wenwen Chen ₄ , Xuelian Huang ₁ , Yuan Zhang ₁ , Yanpeng Liang ₄ , Honghu Zeng ₄ , Hao Zhang ₂ , Shihua Qi ₁

Affiliation

N-Nitrosamines, nitroso compounds with strong carcinogenic effects on humans, have been frequently detected in natural waters. In agricultural areas, there is typically a lack of drinking water treatment processes and distribution systems. As a result, residents often consume groundwater as drinking water which may contain N-nitrosamines, necessitating the investigation of the occurrence, sources, and carcinogenic risk of N-nitrosamines within the groundwater of agricultural areas. This study identified eight N-nitrosamines in groundwater and river water in the Jianghan Plain, a famous agricultural region in central China. N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), N-nitrosomorpholine (NMOR), N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR), and N-nitrosodi-n-butylamine (NDBA) were detected in groundwater, with NDMA being the main compound detected (up to 52 ng L⁻¹). Comparable concentrations of these N-nitrosamines were also found in river water. From laboratory experiments, we found a tremendous potential for the formation of N-nitrosamines in groundwater. Principal component analysis and multiple linear regression analysis results showed that the primary sources of N-nitrosamines in groundwater were the uses of nitrogen fertilizers and pesticides carrying specific N-nitrosamines such as NPYR. The average total carcinogenic risk values of detected N-nitrosamines were higher than the acceptable risk level (10⁻⁵), suggesting a potential carcinogenic risk of groundwater. Further research is urgently needed to minimize N-nitrosamine levels in the groundwater of agricultural areas, particularly in those where pesticides and fertilizers are heavily used.

更新日期：2024-01-11

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