In the early 2000s, Latin America witnessed a resurgence in debates concerning the state's economic role, coinciding with a political transformation as new parties emerged to power. Existing literature on the “return of Industrial Policy” in the region largely offers a descriptive perspective, bypassing the intricacies of policy typifications and their associated political foundations. This paper addresses these gaps with two main contributions: First, it posits that the state's proactive economic interventions in Latin America were not comprehensive, but instead divided into two distinct channels: the sectoral and the macroeconomic. Second, by employing a fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) of 59 democratic Latin American administrations, the paper delves into the political dynamics that underlie each channel. A detailed comparative analysis between Brazil and Chile serves as a focal point, illuminating their notable policy divergence. The research concludes that labor-supported parties are predisposed toward adopting active developmental roles, especially in contexts lacking complex economic structures. However, even incomplete strategies require the presence of robust developmental institutions and is contingent upon a government's capability to establish developmental coalitions and countervail opposing interests.

中文翻译：

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发展渠道：民主拉丁美洲的（不完整）发展战略

2000 年代初，拉丁美洲见证了有关国家经济角色的争论重新兴起，同时也伴随着新政党上台而发生的政治转型。关于该地区“产业政策回归”的现有文献在很大程度上提供了描述性视角，绕过了错综复杂的政策典型化及其相关的政治基础。本文通过两个主要贡献来解决这些差距：首先，它认为国家对拉丁美洲的主动经济干预并不全面，而是分为两个不同的渠道：部门和宏观经济。其次，通过对 59 个拉丁美洲民主政府进行模糊定性比较分析 (fsQCA)，本文深入研究了每个渠道背后的政治动态。巴西和智利之间的详细比较分析成为焦点，阐明了两国显着的政策分歧。研究得出的结论是，劳工支持的政党倾向于扮演积极的发展角色，特别是在缺乏复杂经济结构的背景下。然而，即使不完整的战略也需要强有力的发展机构的存在，并且取决于政府建立发展联盟和抵消对立利益的能力。