Recent advances in nanotechnology design and fabrication have shaped the landscape for the development of ideal cell interfaces based on biomaterials. A holistic evaluation of the requirements for a cell interface is a highly complex task. Biocompatibility is a crucial requirement which is affected by the interface's properties, including elemental composition, morphology, and surface chemistry. This review explores the current state-of-the-art on graphene coatings produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and applied as neural interfaces, detailing the key properties required to design an interface capable of physiologically interacting with neural cells. The interfaces are classified into substrates and scaffolds to differentiate the planar and three-dimensional environments where the cells can adhere and proliferate. The role of specific features such as mechanical properties, porosity and wettability are investigated. We further report on the specific brain-interface applications where CVD graphene paved the way to revolutionary advances in biomedicine. Future studies on the long-term effects of graphene-based materials in vivo will unlock even more potentially disruptive neuro-applications.

中文翻译：

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石墨烯涂层作为神经接口的潜力

纳米技术设计和制造的最新进展塑造了基于生物材料的理想细胞界面开发的前景。对单元接口要求的整体评估是一项非常复杂的任务。生物相容性是一项至关重要的要求，它受到界面特性的影响，包括元素组成、形态和表面化学。这篇综述探讨了当前通过化学气相沉积 (CVD) 生产并用作神经接口的石墨烯涂层的最新技术，详细介绍了设计能够与神经细胞进行生理相互作用的接口所需的关键特性。界面分为基底和支架，以区分细胞可以粘附和增殖的平面和三维环境。研究了机械性能、孔隙率和润湿性等特定特征的作用。我们进一步报告了 CVD 石墨烯在特定脑接口应用中的应用，为生物医学的革命性进步铺平了道路。未来对石墨烯基材料在体内的长期影响的研究将开启更具潜在破坏性的神经应用。