The characterization of the socioeconomic profile of COVID-19 mortality is limited. Likewise, the mapping of potential indirect adverse outcomes of the pandemic, such as suicide and alcohol abuse, along socioeconomic lines is still meagre. The main aim of this paper is to (i) depict SES-differences in COVID-19 mortality, and (ii) to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicide and alcohol mortality across socioeconomic groups. We used Swedish monthly data spanning the period January 2016–December 2021. We chose education as indicator of socioeconomic status (SES). The following causes of deaths were included in the analysis: COVID-19, all-cause mortality excluding COVID-19, suicide and a composite index of alcohol-specific deaths. SARIMA-modelling was used to assess the impact of the pandemic on suicide and alcohol-specific mortality. Two alternative measures of the pandemic were used: (1) a dummy that was coded 1 during the pandemic (March 2020 and onwards), and 0 otherwise, and (2) the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker’s Stringency Index. There was a marked SES-gradient in COVID-19 mortality in the working-age population (25–64) which was larger than for other causes of death. A SES-gradient was also found in the old-age population, but this gradient did not differ from the gradient for other causes of death. The outcome from the SARIMA time-series analyses suggested that the pandemic did not have any impact on suicide or alcohol-specific mortality in any of the educational and gender groups.

对 COVID-19 死亡率的社会经济状况的描述是有限的。同样，按照社会经济路线绘制的大流行潜在间接不利后果（例如自杀和酗酒）的情况仍然很少。本文的主要目的是 (i) 描述 COVID-19 死亡率的 SES 差异，以及 (ii) 评估 COVID-19 大流行对各个社会经济群体的自杀和酒精死亡率的影响。我们使用了 2016 年 1 月至 2021 年 12 月期间瑞典的月度数据。我们选择教育作为社会经济地位 (SES) 的指标。分析中包括以下死亡原因：COVID-19、不包括 COVID-19 的全因死亡率、自杀和酒精相关死亡的综合指数。SARIMA 模型用于评估大流行对自杀和酒精相关死亡率的影响。使用了两种大流行的替代衡量标准：(1) 在大流行期间（2020 年 3 月及以后）编码为 1 的虚拟变量，其他情况下编码为 0，以及 (2) 牛津 COVID-19 政府响应跟踪系统严格指数。工作年龄人口（25-64 岁）的 COVID-19 死亡率存在明显的 SES 梯度，该梯度大于其他死因。在老年人群中也发现了 SES 梯度，但该梯度与其他死因的梯度没有区别。SARIMA 时间序列分析的结果表明，大流行对任何教育和性别群体的自杀或酒精特定死亡率没有任何影响。