Background

The A allele of rs9939609 polymorphism at the FTO gene has been consistently associated with higher body mass index in different populations, but conflicting results has been found regarding its contribution to food intake variability.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the association between this genetic variant with nutrient and food intake in an urban Argentinian population.

Design

A cross-sectional, analytic investigation was performed between October 2018 and February 2020.

Participants

/settings: Adults of both sexes residing in La Plata, Argentina, were recruited through social networks (Instagram and Facebook). Out of 179 eligible adults, a total of 173 adults were included in the final analyses.

Outcome measures

Nutrient and food group intake data were obtained by an interview-administered food frequency questionnaire. Height and weight were measured, and genotypes were obtained by real-time PCR.

Statistical analyses

The per allele effect on nutrient and food group intake was assessed by general linear models, adjusting for age, sex, educational level, total energy intake, and body mass index. Dietary patterns were derived by principal component analysis. The association of the A allele with adherence to each dietary pattern was also evaluated by the general linear model.

Results

The frequency of the risk allele was 27%. A-carriers showed a higher total fat (1.88 [0.55, 3.21] % of total energy intake), saturated fatty acids (0.82 [0.25-1.39] % of total energy intake), and monounsaturated fatty acids (0.66 [0.08, 1.24] % of total energy intake), and a lower carbohydrate (−1.99 [−3.48, −0.50] % of total energy intake) intake than TT homozygous. A-carriers also reported a higher “milk and yogurt” (1.08 [ 0.24, 1.91] % of total energy intake), “animal fats” (1.09 [0.14-2.03] % of total energy intake), and fat-rich ultra-processed foods (2.10 [0.52, 3.67] % of total energy intake) intake in comparison to TT homozygous. Furthermore, A-carriers showed higher adherence to the Western dietary pattern.

Conclusion

The A allele contributed to nutrient and food intake variability in the studied population and was associated with the consumption of saturated fatty acids-enriched foods.

中文翻译：

---

rs9939609 FTO 多态性与阿根廷城市人口营养和食物摄入以及饮食模式依从性之间的关联。

背景

FTO 基因 rs9939609 多态性的 A 等位基因一直与不同人群的较高体重指数相关，但关于其对食物摄入变异性的影响，发现了相互矛盾的结果。

客观的

本研究旨在调查这种遗传变异与阿根廷城市人口的营养和食物摄入量之间的关联。

设计

2018 年 10 月至 2020 年 2 月期间进行了一项横断面分析调查。

参加者

/settings：通过社交网络（Instagram 和 Facebook）招募居住在阿根廷拉普拉塔的男女成年人。在 179 名符合条件的成年人中，共有 173 名成年人参与了最终分析。

结果衡量

通过访谈进行的食物频率调查问卷获得营养和食物组摄入量数据。测量身高和体重，并通过实时 PCR 获得基因型。

统计分析

通过一般线性模型评估每个等位基因对营养素和食物组摄入量的影响，并调整年龄、性别、教育水平、总能量摄入量和体重指数。饮食模式是通过主成分分析得出的。A 等位基因与每种饮食模式依从性的关联也通过一般线性模型进行了评估。

结果

风险等位基因的频率为 27%。A-载体显示出较高的总脂肪（占总能量摄入的 1.88 [0.55, 3.21]%）、饱和脂肪酸（占总能量摄入的 0.82 [0.25-1.39]%）和单不饱和脂肪酸（占总能量摄入的 0.66 [0.08, 1.24]总能量摄入的%），并且比 TT 纯合子摄入更低的碳水化合物（总能量摄入的−1.99 [−3.48，−0.50] %）。A 携带者还报告了较高的“牛奶和酸奶”（占总能量摄入的 1.08 [0.24, 1.91]%）、“动物脂肪”（占总能量摄入的 1.09 [0.14-2.03]%）和富含脂肪的超与 TT 纯合子相比，加工食品的摄入量（占总能量摄入的 2.10 [0.52, 3.67]%）。此外，A 基因携带者表现出对西方饮食模式的更高依从性。

结论

A 等位基因导致研究人群的营养和食物摄入量变化，并与富含饱和脂肪酸的食物的消耗有关。