Membrane lipidomes are dynamic and their changes generate lipid mediators affecting various biological processes. Phosphatidic acid (PA) has emerged as an important class of lipid mediators involved in a wide range of cellular and physiological responses in plants, animals, and microbes. The regulatory functions of PA have been studied primarily outside the nuclei, but an increasing number of recent studies indicates that some of the PA effects result from its action in nuclei. PA levels in nuclei are dynamic in response to stimuli. Changes in nuclear PA levels can result from activities of enzymes associated with nuclei and/or from movements of PA generated extranuclearly. PA has also been found to interact with proteins involved in nuclear functions, such as transcription factors and proteins undergoing nuclear translocation in response to stimuli. The nuclear action of PA affects various aspects of plant growth, development, and response to stress and environmental changes.

膜脂质组是动态的，它们的变化会产生影响各种生物过程的脂质介质。磷脂酸 (PA) 已成为一类重要的脂质介质，参与植物、动物和微生物的广泛细胞和生理反应。PA 的调节功能主要在细胞核外进行研究，但最近越来越多的研究表明，PA 的一些作用是由其在细胞核内的作用引起的。细胞核中的 PA 水平随着刺激而变化。核 PA 水平的变化可能是由与细胞核相关的酶的活性和/或核外产生的 PA 的运动引起的。PA 还被发现与参与核功能的蛋白质相互作用，例如转录因子和响应刺激而发生核易位的蛋白质。PA 的核作用影响植物生长、发育以及对胁迫和环境变化的反应的各个方面。