In conjunction with implementing the Indonesian Act on coal downstream research and development, the geochemical characterization of the Barito Basin coals and an evaluation of the critical elements in coal and coal ashes compared with those found in conventional deposits must be fulfilled. This study documented the signature characteristics of the coal geochemistry in the Barito Basin. Coals from Tanjung Formation mainly comprise huminite macerals and inorganic constituents are mainly dominated by kaolinite, pyrite, quartz, carbonate minerals (i.e., calcite, Sr-bearing carbonate), Ti-oxide minerals (anatase or rutile), chlorite, and apatite. Meanwhile, the Warukin Fm is characterized by high contents of inertinite and inorganic materials comprising kaolinite, pyrite, and quartz. Moreover, the B3 seam from the Tanjung Fm shows normal slight enrichments for Hf, Zr, and V, demonstrating the highest REY content of up to 194.56 ppm. Meanwhile, coal samples from the Warukin Fm show depletion in all the trace elements and REY.

The provenance source of the Barito Basin coals is derived from epiclastic mafic–intermediate volcaniclastic rocks, including the Early Cretaceous Pitap and Haruyan Fm, which are mainly derived from low-Ti mafic magmas. Subsequently, marine water infiltration during peat accumulation is subjected to the influence of the geochemical characteristics of coals from the Eocene Tanjung Fm, showing the transgressive settings. On the other hand, the Miocene Warukin Fm. represents a non-marine regressive setting during peat accumulation. Furthermore, local geological controls in the Eocene Tanjung Fm. may lead some roof, floor, parting and coals from B3 seam to critical elements enrichment (such as REY, Zr, Hf, and V), and their affinity is related to Ti-oxide minerals, aluminosilicates, and organic matter.

结合实施印度尼西亚关于煤炭下游研究和开发的法案，必须完成巴里托盆地煤炭的地球化学特征以及对煤炭和煤灰中的关键元素与常规矿藏中发现的元素进行比较的评估。这项研究记录了巴里托盆地煤炭地球化学的特征。丹绒组煤主要含有腐殖石显微组分，无机成分主要以高岭石、黄铁矿、石英、碳酸盐矿物（即方解石、含锶碳酸盐）、钛氧化物矿物（锐钛矿或金红石）、绿泥石和磷灰石为主。同时，Warukin组的特点是惰性石和高岭石、黄铁矿和石英等无机物质含量高。此外，丹绒组 B3 煤层显示出 Hf、Zr 和 V 的正常轻微富集，表明REY 含量最高高达 194.56 ppm。同时，来自 Warukin 组的煤样显示所有微量元素和 REY 均已耗尽。

巴里托盆地煤炭的物源来源于碎屑镁铁质—中质火山碎屑岩，包括早白垩世Pitap和Haruyan组，主要来源于低钛镁铁质岩浆。随后，泥炭堆积过程中的海水入渗受到始新世丹绒组煤地球化学特征的影响，显示出海侵背景。另一方面，中新世Warukin Fm。代表泥炭堆积过程中的非海洋回归环境。此外，始新世丹绒组的局部地质控制。可能导致部分顶板、底板、夹缝和B3煤层煤体出现关键元素（REY、Zr、Hf、V等）富集，其亲和力与钛氧化物矿物、铝硅酸盐、有机质有关。