Coeliac disease (CeD) is an immunological disease triggered by the consumption of gluten contained in food in individuals with a genetic predisposition. Diagnosis is based on the presence of small bowel mucosal atrophy and circulating autoantibodies (anti-type 2 transglutaminase antibodies). After diagnosis, patients follow a strict, life-long gluten-free diet. Although the criteria for diagnosis of this disease are well defined, the monitoring phase has been studied less and there is a lack of specific guidelines for this phase. To develop a set of clinical guidelines for CeD monitoring, we followed the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology. Statements and recommendations with the level of evidence were developed and approved by the working group, which comprised gastroenterologists, pathologists, dieticians and biostatisticians. The proposed guidelines, endorsed by the North American and European coeliac disease scientific societies, make recommendations for best practices in monitoring patients with CeD based on the available evidence. The evidence level is low for many topics, suggesting that further research in specific aspects of CeD would be valuable. In conclusion, the present guidelines support clinicians in improving CeD treatment and follow-up and highlight novel issues that should be considered in future studies.

乳糜泻 (CeD) 是一种免疫性疾病，由具有遗传倾向的个体食用食物中的麸质引发。诊断基于小肠粘膜萎缩和循环自身抗体（抗 2 型转谷氨酰胺酶抗体）的存在。诊断后，患者终身严格遵循无麸质饮食。尽管该疾病的诊断标准已明确，但监测阶段的研究较少，且缺乏针对该阶段的具体指南。为了制定一套 CeD 监测临床指南，我们遵循建议评估、制定和评估分级方法。由胃肠病学家、病理学家、营养师和生物统计学家组成的工作组制定并批准了具有证据水平的声明和建议。拟议的指南得到了北美和欧洲乳糜泻科学学会的认可，根据现有证据提出了监测 CeD 患者的最佳实践建议。许多主题的证据水平较低，这表明对 CeD 特定方面的进一步研究将是有价值的。总之，本指南支持临床医生改善 CeD 治疗和随访，并强调未来研究中应考虑的新问题。