Environmental enrichment (EE) is a process of brain stimulation by modifying the surroundings, for example, by changing the sensory, social, or physical conditions. Rodents have been used in such experimental strategies through exposure to diverse physical, social, and exploration conditions. The present study conducted an extensive analysis of the existing literature surrounding the impact of EE on dementia rodent models. The review emphasised the two principal aspects that are very closely related to dementia: cognitive function (learning and memory) as well as psychological factors (anxiety-related behaviours such as phobias and unrealistic worries). Also highlighted were the mechanisms involved in the rodent models of dementia showing EE effects. Two search engines, PubMed and Science Direct, were used for data collection using the following keywords: environmental enrichment, dementia, rodent model, cognitive performance, and anxiety-related behaviour. Fifty-five articles were chosen depending on the criteria for inclusion and exclusion. The rodent models with dementia demonstrated improved learning and memory in the form of hampered inflammatory responses, enhanced neuronal plasticity, and sustained neuronal activity. EE housing also prevented memory impairment through the prevention of amyloid beta (Aβ) seeding formation, an early stage of Aβ plaque formation. The rodents subjected to EE were observed to present increased exploratory activity and exert less anxiety-related behaviour, compared to those in standard housing. However, some studies have proposed that EE intervention through exercise would be too mild to counteract the anxiety-related behaviour and risk assessment behaviour deficits in the Alzheimer's disease rodent model. Future studies should be conducted on old-aged rodents and the duration of EE exposure that would elicit the greatest benefits since the existing studies have been conducted on a range of ages and EE durations. In summary, EE had a considerable effect on dementia rodent models, with the most evident being improved cognitive function.

环境丰富（EE）是通过改变周围环境（例如，通过改变感觉、社会或身体条件）来刺激大脑的过程。啮齿类动物通过暴露于不同的物理、社会和探索条件而被用于此类实验策略。本研究对有关 EE 对痴呆啮齿动物模型影响的现有文献进行了广泛的分析。该综述强调了与痴呆症密切相关的两个主要方面：认知功能（学习和记忆）以及心理因素（与焦虑相关的行为，如恐惧症和不切实际的担忧）。还强调了痴呆啮齿动物模型中显示 EE 效应的机制。使用 PubMed 和 Science Direct 两个搜索引擎使用以下关键词收集数据：环境丰富、痴呆、啮齿动物模型、认知表现和焦虑相关行为。根据纳入和排除标准选择了 55 篇文章。患有痴呆症的啮齿动物模型表现出学习和记忆的改善，其形式是炎症反应受到阻碍、神经元可塑性增强和神经元活动持续。EE 外壳还可以通过预防β淀粉样蛋白 (Aβ) 种子形成（Aβ 斑块形成​​的早期阶段）来预防记忆障碍。与标准住房中的啮齿动物相比，接受 EE 的啮齿动物表现出更多的探索活动，并且表现出更少的焦虑相关行为。然而，一些研究提出，通过运动进行 EE 干预过于温和，无法抵消阿尔茨海默病啮齿动物模型中的焦虑相关行为和风险评估行为缺陷。未来的研究应该针对老年啮齿动物和电子电气暴露的持续时间进行，这将带来最大的益处，因为现有的研究是针对一系列年龄和电子电气持续时间进行的。综上所述，EE对痴呆啮齿动物模型有相当大的影响，最明显的是改善认知功能。