In this study, the impact of n-type organic electron acceptors incorporated in perovskite absorbers via antisolvent-assisted crystallization process is investigated on optical, electrical, and photovoltaic properties of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The study examines the effect of three representative electron acceptors, including fullerene derivative (PC₆₁BM), non-fullerene acceptor (ITIC), and fluorinated non-fullerene acceptor (ITIC-4F). The findings demonstrate that the inclusion of these electron acceptors stabilizes perovskite absorbers due to strong interaction between the organic acceptors and [PbI6]^4- octahedra, leading to the successful passivation of defective antisites. Furthermore, ITIC-4F plays a crucial role in the tailored electronic structure of the perovskite absorber surface, facilitating efficient charge transport and suppressing carrier recombination in the device. The synergetic effect of defect passivation and electrical doping achieved by ITIC-4F resulted in an efficiency improvement of 17.31 % of MAPbI₃-based PSCs under 1-Sun illumination, exceeding that of the pristine device (15.62 %) under the same conditions. The device passivated with ITIC-4F also delivered an efficiency of 20.00 % under dim-light irradiation conditions for indoor photovoltaic applications. The results highlight the potential of n-type organic semiconducting molecules as effective additives in the antisolvent-assisted crystallization of perovskite absorbers, offering valuable insights into the design of organic semiconducting additives for improving the film quality of perovskite absorbers and achieving high-performance PSCs. The findings provide a foundation for future research aimed at enhancing the optoelectronic properties and photovoltaic performance of PSCs.

在这项研究中，研究了通过反溶剂辅助结晶过程纳入钙钛矿吸收剂中的n型有机电子受体对钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）的光学、电学和光伏性能的影响。该研究考察了三种代表性电子受体的影响，包括富勒烯衍生物（PC ₆₁ BM）、非富勒烯受体（ITIC）和氟化非富勒烯受体（ITIC-4F）。研究结果表明，由于有机受体与 [PbI6] ^4- 八面体之间的强相互作用，这些电子受体的加入可以稳定钙钛矿吸收体，从而成功钝化有缺陷的反位点。此外，ITIC-4F 在钙钛矿吸收体表面的定制电子结构中发挥着至关重要的作用，促进有效的电荷传输并抑制器件中的载流子复合。 ITIC-4F 实现的缺陷钝化和电掺杂的协同效应使基于 MAPbI ₃ 的 PSC 在 1-Sun 光照下的效率提高了 17.31%，超过了原始器件的效率 (15.62%)相同条件下。使用 ITIC-4F 钝化的器件在室内光伏应用的弱光照射条件下也能提供 20.00% 的效率。研究结果凸显了n型有机半导体分子作为钙钛矿吸收剂反溶剂辅助结晶中有效添加剂的潜力，为有机半导体添加剂的设计提供了宝贵的见解，以提高钙钛矿吸收剂的薄膜质量和实现高性能PSC。 这些发现为未来旨在提高PSC的光电特性和光伏性能的研究奠定了基础。