Psychosocial interventions play a key role in addressing mental health and substance use needs for children and adolescents living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). While research efforts have primarily focused on their effectiveness, implementation outcomes also require examining.

We conducted a systematic review of qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods studies (PROSPERO: CRD42022335997) to synthesize the literature on implementation outcomes for psychosocial interventions for children and adolescents in LMICs. We searched Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, Web of Science, PsychINFO, and Global Health through April 2023. Data were extracted and quality appraised through the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) independently by two reviewers.

A total of 13,380 records were screened, and 87 studies met inclusion criteria. Feasibility was the most reported implementation outcome (69, 79%), followed by acceptability (60, 69%), and fidelity (32, 37%). Appropriateness was assessed in 11 studies (13%), implementation costs in 10 (11%), and sustainability in one (1%). None of the included studies reported on penetration or adoption.

Despite a growing body of evidence for implementation research in child and adolescent global mental health, most research focused on earlier-stage implementation outcomes, assessing them in research-controlled settings. To overcome this, future efforts should focus on assessing interventions in routine care, assessing later-stage implementation outcomes through standardized tools.

心理社会干预措施在满足低收入和中等收入国家 (LMIC) 儿童和青少年的心理健康和药物使用需求方面发挥着关键作用。虽然研究工作主要关注其有效性，但实施结果也需要检查。

我们对定性、定量和混合方法研究（PROSPERO：CRD42022335997）进行了系统回顾，以综合有关中低收入国家儿童和青少年心理社会干预实施结果的文献。我们检索了截至 2023 年 4 月的 Cochrane 对照试验中央注册库 (CENTRAL)、PubMed、Web of Science、PsychINFO 和 Global Health。由两名评审员独立通过混合方法评估工具 (MMAT) 提取数据并评估质量。

共筛选了 13,380 条记录，其中 87 项研究符合纳入标准。可行性是报告最多的实施结果 (69, 79%)，其次是可接受性 (60, 69%) 和保真度 (32, 37%)。 11 项研究（13%）评估了适当性，10 项研究（11%）评估了实施成本，1 项研究（1%）评估了可持续性。纳入的研究均未报告渗透或采用情况。

尽管越来越多的证据表明儿童和青少年全球心理健康的实施研究，但大多数研究侧重于早期实施结果，在研究控制的环境中对其进行评估。为了克服这一问题，未来的努力应侧重于评估常规护理干预措施，通过标准化工具评估后期实施结果。