Plastic film mulching stands as a globally employed agricultural technology pivotal to agricultural progress. Nevertheless, the environmental degradation of plastic mulch films underscores their role as a major source of secondary plastic pollutants, particularly microplastics. While a growing body of research has drawn attention to the rising issue of microplastic pollution and its environmental implications stemming from the use of plastic mulch films, there remains a significant knowledge gap regarding the kinetics and rate-limiting mechanisms governing the generation of microplastics during processes driven by plastic photodegradation. Moreover, a comprehensive quantification of the connection between mulch deterioration and the behavior of microplastic release and accumulation has yet to be fully realized. In this study, a kinetic equation was formulated to characterize the degradation of plastic mulch films and the subsequent release and accumulation of microplastics under light exposure. The results demonstrate that with increasing irradiation time, the change in the release rate exhibits a bell-shaped Gaussian probability distribution, while the cumulative alteration of microplastics follows a Gaussian distribution. Remarkably, once the exposure time reaches μ + 3σ, the accumulation plateaus at 99.7%. This research establishes a theoretical framework for the prospective assessment of plastic mulch lifespan and its environmental repercussions. Moreover, the findings provide valuable insights for optimizing plastic mulch design and devising strategies to mitigate microplastic pollution.

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地膜劣化与微塑料产生的交互原理

地膜覆盖是全球采用的农业技术，对农业进步至关重要。然而，塑料地膜的环境退化凸显了它们作为二次塑料污染物（特别是微塑料）的主要来源的作用。尽管越来越多的研究引起了人们对日益严重的微塑料污染问题及其因使用塑料地膜而产生的环境影响的关注，但在控制过程中微塑料生成的动力学和速率限制机制方面仍然存在巨大的知识差距由塑料光降解驱动。此外，对覆盖物恶化与微塑料释放和积累行为之间联系的全面量化尚未完全实现。在这项研究中，制定了一个动力学方程来表征塑料地膜的降解以及随后在光照下微塑料的释放和积累。结果表明，随着辐照时间的增加，释放速率的变化呈现钟形高斯概率分布，而微塑料的累积变化也遵循高斯分布。值得注意的是，一旦曝光时间达到μ + 3 σ，积累就会稳定在 99.7%。这项研究为塑料覆盖物寿命及其环境影响的前瞻性评估建立了理论框架。此外，研究结果为优化塑料覆盖物设计和制定减轻微塑料污染的策略提供了宝贵的见解。