Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is an emerging persistent organic pollutant. Exposure to PFOA was observed to have a correlation with the expression levels of phospholipids. However, there are currently no studies that directly visualize the effects of PFOA on phospholipids. To this end, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-IMS) was used to visualize changes in phospholipids in the different tissues of zebrafish following exposure to PFOA. This study found that the major perturbed phospholipids were phosphatidylcholine (PC), diacylglycerol (DG), phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), sphingomyelin (SM), and triacylglycerol (TG). These perturbed phospholipids caused by PFOA were reversible in some tissues (liver, gill, and brain) and irreversible in others (such as the highly exposed intestine). Moreover, the spatial distribution of perturbed phospholipids was mainly located around the edge or center of the tissues, implying that these tissue regions need special attention. This study provides novel insight into the biological toxicity and toxicity mechanisms induced by emerging environmental pollutants.

中文翻译：

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通过成像质谱研究 PFOA 积累和净化对斑马鱼特定磷脂的影响

全氟辛酸（PFOA）是一种新兴的持久性有机污染物。据观察，PFOA 暴露与磷脂的表达水平相关。然而，目前还没有研究直接可视化 PFOA 对磷脂的影响。为此，使用基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间成像质谱 (MALDI-TOF-IMS) 来可视化接触 PFOA 后斑马鱼不同组织中磷脂的变化。这项研究发现，主要受到干扰的磷脂是磷脂酰胆碱（PC）、二酰甘油（DG）、磷脂酸（PA）、磷脂酰甘油（PG）、鞘磷脂（SM）和三酰甘油（TG）。PFOA 引起的这些扰动的磷脂在某些组织（肝脏、鳃和大脑）中是可逆的，而在其他组织（例如高度暴露的肠道）中是不可逆的。此外，扰动磷脂的空间分布主要位于组织的边缘或中心周围，这意味着这些组织区域需要特别关注。这项研究为新出现的环境污染物引起的生物毒性和毒性机制提供了新的见解。