Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine condition in premenopausal women and is a common cause of anovulatory subfertility. Although obesity does not form part of the diagnostic criteria, it affects a significant proportion of women with PCOS and is strongly implicated in the pathophysiology of the disease. Both PCOS and obesity are known to impact fertility in women; obesity also reduces the success of assisted reproductive technology (ART). With or without pharmacotherapy, lifestyle intervention remains the first-line treatment in women with PCOS and obesity. Bariatric surgery is still an experimental treatment in women with PCOS and subfertility. This review will present an overview of the pathophysiology of PCOS and obesity and the role of bariatric surgery. Although data are sparse regarding the impact of bariatric surgery on subfertility in women with PCOS and obesity, existing studies point to a beneficial role in treating metabolic and reproductive dysfunction.

多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是绝经前女性最常见的内分泌疾病，也是无排卵生育力低下的常见原因。尽管肥胖不构成诊断标准的一部分，但它影响了很大一部分患有 PCOS 的女性，并且与该疾病的病理生理学密切相关。众所周知，多囊卵巢综合症和肥胖都会影响女性的生育能力；肥胖还会降低辅助生殖技术（ART）的成功率。无论有或没有药物治疗，生活方式干预仍然是多囊卵巢综合征和肥胖女性的一线治疗方法。减肥手术对于患有多囊卵巢综合症和生育力低下的女性来说仍然是一种实验性治疗方法。本综述将概述 PCOS 和肥胖的病理生理学以及减肥手术的作用。尽管关于减肥手术对多囊卵巢综合征和肥胖女性生育力低下的影响的数据很少，但现有研究表明，减肥手术在治疗代谢和生殖功能障碍方面具有有益作用。