Emerging SARS-CoV-2 sub-lineages like XBB.1.5, XBB.1.16, EG.5, HK.3 (FLip), and XBB.2.3 and the variant BA.2.86 have recently been identified. Understanding the efficacy of current vaccines on these emerging variants is critical. We evaluate the serum neutralization activities of participants who received COVID-19 inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac), those who received the recently approved tetravalent protein vaccine (SCTV01E), or those who had contracted a breakthrough infection with BA.5/BF.7/XBB virus. Neutralization profiles against a broad panel of 30 sub-lineages reveal that BQ.1.1, CH.1.1, and all the XBB sub-lineages exhibit heightened resistance to neutralization compared to previous variants. However, despite their extra mutations, BA.2.86 and the emerging XBB sub-lineages do not demonstrate significantly increased resistance to neutralization over XBB.1.5. Encouragingly, the SCTV01E booster consistently induces higher neutralizing titers against all these variants than breakthrough infection does. Cellular immunity assays also show that the SCTV01E booster elicits a higher frequency of virus-specific memory B cells. Our findings support the development of multivalent vaccines to combat future variants.

最近发现了新出现的 SARS-CoV-2 亚谱系，如 XBB.1.5、XBB.1.16、EG.5、HK.3 (FLip) 和 XBB.2.3 以及变体 BA.2.86。了解当前疫苗对这些新出现的变种的功效至关重要。我们评估了接受 COVID-19 灭活疫苗 (CoronaVac) 的参与者、接受最近批准的四价蛋白疫苗 (SCTV01E) 的参与者或感染BA.5/BF.7/XBB突破性感染的参与者的血清中和活性病毒。针对 30 个亚谱系的广泛中和谱显示，与以前的变体相比，BQ.1.1、CH.1.1 和所有 XBB 亚谱系都表现出更高的中和抵抗力。然而，尽管有额外的突变，BA.2.86 和新兴的 XBB 亚谱系并未表现出比 XBB.1.5 显着增加的中和抗性。令人鼓舞的是，SCTV01E 加强剂始终能诱导比突破性感染更高的针对所有这些变异的中和滴度。细胞免疫测定还表明 SCTV01E 增强剂可引发更高频率的病毒特异性记忆 B 细胞。我们的研究结果支持开发多价疫苗来对抗未来的变种。