The fixed life pattern of plants is the most threatening factor that hinders the survival and reproduction rate of plants. Maximization of reproduction is determined by the survival rate of the organism. If part of a shoot apical meristem or root apical meristem is cut and planted in soil with appropriate nutrients and survival conditions, a cloned plant known as an ramet, may be developed. Therefore, the ability of plants to constantly produce meristems is essential for survival. In addition, meristem stem cells have enabled plants to evolve a wide variety of asexual reproductive systems. When a tree is pruned, at least one or more new meristems are formed in the surrounding area, and those meristems develop into new branches. In other cases, stem cells normally derived from meristems alone exhibit the potential for asexual reproduction through their seed-like roles. Alternatively, some plants can form somatic cells, which are important in various types of asexual reproduction. There are 125 species of plants in the genus of Kalanchoe, which are succulent plants, and most of these species are well known to reproduce asexually through somatic cells. When we cut the stem of a plant, a callus is formed at the end of the cut side. Plant callus is mainly used to develop new plant varieties in tissue culture research. Alternatively, the plant callus is also used as a material for asexual reproduction. Callus can also form if the plant is infected with bacteria such as Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Differentiated cells of a plant can reproduce asexually by acquiring the ability to function as stems through transdifferentiation. These characteristics play important roles in adapting to environmental changes and extending the lifespan of woody plants.

植物固定的生活模式是阻碍植物生存和繁殖率的最大威胁因素。繁殖最大化取决于生物体的存活率。如果将茎顶端分生组织或根顶端分生组织的一部分切下并种植在具有适当营养和生存条件的土壤中，则可以发育出称为分株的克隆植物。因此，植物不断产生分生组织的能力对于生存至关重要。此外，分生组织干细胞使植物能够进化出多种无性生殖系统。当一棵树被修剪时，周围区域至少形成一个或多个新的分生组织，并且这些分生组织发育成新的分枝。在其他情况下，通常仅源自分生组织的干细胞通过其种子样作用表现出无性繁殖的潜力。另外，一些植物可以形成体细胞，这在各种类型的无性繁殖中都很重要。长寿花属植物有125种，均为肉质植物，众所周知，其中大多数物种通过体细胞进行无性繁殖。当我们切割植物的茎时，在切割侧的末端会形成愈伤组织。植物愈伤组织主要用于组织培养研究中开发植物新品种。或者，植物愈伤组织也用作无性繁殖的材料。如果植物感染了根癌农杆菌等细菌，也会形成愈伤组织。植物的分化细胞可以通过转分化获得作为茎的功能，从而进行无性繁殖。这些特性对于木本植物适应环境变化、延长寿命具有重要作用。