Joint attention (JA) is an early-developing behavior that allows caregivers and infants to share focus on an object. Deficits in JA, as measured through face-following pathways, are a defining feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and are observable as early as 12 months of age in infants later diagnosed with ASD. However, recent evidence suggests that JA may be achieved through hand-following pathways by children with and without ASD. Development of JA through multimodal pathways has yet to be studied in infants with an increased likelihood of developing ASD. The current study investigated how 6-, 9- and 12-month-old infants with (FH+) and without (FH-) a family history of ASD engaged in JA. Parent-infant dyads played at home while we recorded the interaction over Zoom and later offline coded for hand movements and gaze. FH+ and FH- infants spent similar amounts of time in JA with their parents, but the cues available before JA were different. Parents of FH+ infants did more work to establish JA and used more face-following than hand-following pathways compared to parents of FH- infants, likely reflecting differences in infant motor or social behavior. These results suggest that early motor differences between FH+ and FH- infants may cascade into differences in social coordination.

共同注意力（JA）是一种早期发展的行为，允许护理人员和婴儿共同关注某个物体。通过面部追踪路径测量的 JA 缺陷是自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的一个定义特征，并且在后来诊断为 ASD 的婴儿中早在 12 个月大时就可以观察到。然而，最近的证据表明，无论是否患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童都可以通过手部跟随路径来实现 JA。对于患自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 可能性增加的婴儿，JA 通过多模式途径的发展尚未进行研究。目前的研究调查了有（FH+）和没有（FH-）ASD家族史的6个月、9个月和12个月大的婴儿如何患上JA。亲子二人在家玩耍，我们通过 Zoom 记录互动，然后对手部动作和目光进行离线编码。FH+ 和 FH- 婴儿在 JA 中与父母一起度过的时间相似，但 JA 之前可用的线索不同。与 FH- 婴儿的父母相比，FH+ 婴儿的父母在建立 JA 方面做了更多的工作，并且使用更多的面部跟随路径而不是手跟随路径，这可能反映了婴儿运动或社会行为的差异。这些结果表明，FH+ 和 FH- 婴儿之间的早期运动差异可能会转化为社会协调方面的差异。