Much of the Y chromosome has remained obscure owing to the challenge of sequencing repetitive genomic regions. Recently, the Y chromosome has been fully sequenced, revealing extensive heterochromatic areas and 41 new protein-coding genes. Furthermore, 43 Y chromosomes have been sequenced, showing extensive multi-sample variation and providing promising insights into male infertility.

中文翻译：

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揭开人类Y染色体的神秘面纱

由于对重复基因组区域进行测序的挑战，Y 染色体的大部分内容仍然不清楚。最近，Y染色体已被完全测序，揭示了广泛的异染色质区域和41个新的蛋白质编码基因。此外，43 条 Y 染色体已被测序，显示出广泛的多样本变异，并为男性不育症提供了有希望的见解。