Over the last few decades, excessive and disordered screen use has become more prevalent, prompting investigations into its associated consequences. The extent to which disordered screen use behaviours impact neuropsychological functioning has been reportedly mixed and at times inconsistent. This review sought to synthesise the literature and estimate the magnitude of overall cognitive impairment across a wide range of disordered screen use behaviours. We also sought to determine the cognitive domains most impacted, and whether the observed impairments were moderated by the classification of screen-related behaviours (i.e., Internet or gaming) or the format of cognitive test administration (i.e., paper-and-pencil or computerised). A systematic search of databases (Embase, PsycINFO, MEDLINE) identified 43 cross-sectional articles that assessed neuropsychological performance in disordered screen use populations, 34 of which were included in the meta-analysis. A random-effects meta-analysis revealed significant small/medium (g = .38) cognitive deficits for individuals with disordered screen use behaviours relative to controls. The most affected cognitive domain with a significant medium effect size (g = .50) was attention and focus followed by a significant reduction in executive functioning (g = .31). The classification of disordered screen use behaviours into Internet or gaming categories or the format of cognitive testing did not moderate these deficits. Additionally, excluding disordered social media use in an exploratory analysis had little effect on the observed outcomes. This study highlights a number of methodological considerations that may have contributed to disparate findings and shows that disordered screen use can significantly impact cognitive performance. Recommendations for future research are also discussed. Data for this study can be found at https://osf.io/upeha/.

在过去的几十年里，过度和无序的屏幕使用变得更加普遍，促使人们对其相关后果进行调查。据报道，无序的屏幕使用行为对神经心理功能的影响程度参差不齐，有时甚至不一致。本综述试图综合文献并估计各种无序屏幕使用行为的整体认知障碍的严重程度。我们还试图确定受影响最大的认知领域，以及观察到的损害是否通过屏幕相关行为的分类（即互联网或游戏）或认知测试管理的形式（即纸笔或计算机化）来调节。 ）。对数据库（Embase、PsycINFO、MEDLINE）的系统检索发现了 43 篇评估无序屏幕使用人群神经心理学表现的横断面文章，其中 34 篇被纳入荟萃分析。随机效应荟萃分析显示， 与对照组相比，屏幕使用行为紊乱的个体存在显着的小/中度 ( g = .38) 认知缺陷。受影响最大的认知领域（具有显着的中等效应大小（g  = .50））是注意力和焦点，随后执行功能显着下降（g  = .31）。将无序的屏幕使用行为分类为互联网或游戏类别或认知测试的形式并不能缓解这些缺陷。此外，在探索性分析中排除社交媒体的无序使用对观察到的结果几乎没有影响。这项研究强调了一些可能导致不同研究结果的方法论考虑因素，并表明无序的屏幕使用会显着影响认知能力。还讨论了未来研究的建议。这项研究的数据可以在 https://osf.io/upeha/ 上找到。