Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are highly recalcitrant environmental contaminants that pose a serious threat to living species. As such, many chemical degradation techniques have been proposed and investigated for the efficient destruction of PFAS. A complete and efficient mineralization of high-profile and chemically diverse PFAS contaminants remains an elusive challenge facing society. The underlying reaction mechanisms for PFAS degradation approaches typically involve defluorination, cleavage of the polar head group, or thermal unimolecular reaction. These initial reaction mechanisms and subsequent reaction channels of intermediates will be discussed for various degradation strategies. This contribution aims to highlight recent efforts elucidating PFAS chemical degradation mechanisms to facilitate the advancement of PFAS destruction methods.

中文翻译：

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全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质化学降解策略：深入了解潜在的反应机制

全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 是高度顽固的环境污染物，对生物物种构成严重威胁。因此，为了有效破坏 PFAS，人们提出并研究了许多化学降解技术。对备受关注且化学成分多样的 PFAS 污染物进行完整、高效的矿化仍然是社会面临的一个难以捉摸的挑战。PFAS 降解方法的基本反应机制通常涉及脱氟、极性头基的裂解或热单分子反应。这些中间体的初始反应机制和后续反应通道将针对各种降解策略进行讨论。此贡献旨在强调最近阐明 PFAS 化学降解机制的努力，以促进 PFAS 销毁方法的进步。